Research On Key Technologies Of Planar Compact Multifunctional Phased Array Antenna Aperture

With the rapid development of semiconductor and RF integrated packaging technology,researches on phased array antenna to adjust different application scenarios are becoming more and more broadly.Phased array antennas have many key indexes,such as efficiency,power,EIRP and G/T etc.,which are related to antenna array.Thus,a research on key technologies of phased-array antenna array is particularly important.Throughout application scenarios of phased array antennas,functions like more extensive airspace coverage,stronger anti-interference ability,multi-function etc.are required to be satisfied.To realize these functions,at least several key technologies like wide angel scanning ability,simultaneous or time-sharing multi-polarization,multifrequency co-aperture composite etc.need to break through.Therefore,in view of engineering applications of phased array antenna,the dissertation lays an emphasis on a research of three key technologies on planar compact multi-functional phased array antenna aperture,i.e.wide-angel scanning,polarization reconfigurable and dual-frequency co-aperture composite.In a word,research content being included is as follows.Chapter 1 mainly summarizes the background and significance of researches on phased array antenna,analyzes the status quo of researches on wide-angel scanning phased array antenna,polarized reconfigurable phased array antenna and dual-frequency co-aperture composite phased array antenna at home and abroad,then introduces innovative points and main contributions,and finally introduces the whole structure of the dissertation.Chapter 2 mainly introduces two kinds of cavity-backed patch antennas based on strip-line feeding,that applies strip lines to feed H-type coupling gaps,which can not only acquire wider working bandwidth,but also suppress the back radiation of antennas.One of antenna units in Ku band is applied in two-dimensional wide-angel scanning phased array antenna.Compared to traditional phased array antenna,the antenna array has a lower loss in the range of ±60° wide-angel scanning,which is a good alternative for the wide-angel scanning radar and communication systems.Meanwhile,it integrates the self-calibration network in inner part of antenna array in cooperation with the post maintenance and examination of phased array antenna.Through the test,the dynamic range of self-calibration network is small,which meets the requirement of system examination and calibration.Chapter 3 mainly introduces the polarized reconfigurable antenna units and array.The antenna units adopt strip lines to feed a pair of orthogonal coupling slit to acquire the bandwidth,and four PIN diode switches are loaded on orthogonal coupling slits to obtain a pair of better polarization performance through adjusting the working state of these switches.Meanwhile,cavities are immersed in inner part of the antenna,which can not only further improve the bandwidth,but also provide installation space for diodes and capacitors that could protect them from interference in external environment and improve the long-term reliability of antennas.Meanwhile,the antenna adopts the design idea of double-patch stacking,which further improves the bandwidth and gain.The antenna units consist of one 2×8 antenna array,which makes control of array antenna simple through adopting the design of DC bias network.It only uses two electric cables to control switches of the whole antenna array,thus,the polarization orientation of antennas could be controlled.Chapter 4 introduces the design of a two-dimensional phased array antenna with dual-frequency co-aperture composite.From the perspective of engineering realization and low cost,the antennas are assembled by standard TR module with the same channels of TR modules covered every kind of polarization of Ku band and in W band.Considering the condition of grating lobe for the array antenna,the Ku array is regular while the W is sparse.Owing to dual-frequency composite array antenna,W sparse array has complex boundary conditions.Combined with sparse-array and dilute-array algorithm,an 8X8 two-dimensional dual-frequency(i.e.dual polarization in Ku band & single polarization in W band)co-aperture composite phased array antenna has been designed.To realize dual-frequency composite,the size of antennas in two bands should be designed as small as possible.The dual-polarization antennas in Ku band adopt the common patch while these in W band apply SIW transmission and sidewall metallized wave-guiding radiation.The antennas adopt multi-layer boards,of which antenna units in Ku and W bands are combined horizontally and shared the size of different layers longitudinally,thus,further improving co-aperture fusion of dual-frequency antennas.Chapter 5 makes a systematic summary about the dissertation and points out further research orientation.