Research On Interactive Effect Of Vocational Education And Economic Development In China

100-year plan,education first.As an important part of the national education system and human resources training,the vocational education has taken on the important responsibility of training diversified talents,passing on technical skills and promoting employment and entrepreneurship for the country,it also plays an important role in deepening the supply-side structural reform of education,improving the quality and technical skills of the whole people,and promoting social development and economic growth.Since the reform and opening up,China's vocational education has made great progress.The enrollment scale of vocational education and the number of students in school are the first in the world,it has made outstanding contribution to the sustained and rapid development of China's economy.But at the same time we should also see that,there are still long-standing problems in vocational education in China,such as imbalance between supply and demand,dissimilation of policy practice,unreasonable structure,urgent need for optimization of distribution,unclear responsibility of government in the market,absence of enterprises as main body,weak overall conditions for running schools and unblocked system and mechanism,the lagging development of the vocational education has become an important bottleneck hindering China's economic development and the implementation of the national strategy.At this stage,China's vocational education development is facing a new environment and momentum,under the background of the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries,the strategy of rural revitalization,the construction of a new type of urbanization,and the application of Internet technology,the macro environment,the mode of production,the demand structure and the technological environment of vocational education are all facing some new changes.All these changes have brought impact on the development of vocational education.It is urgent for us to re-understand the trend,contradiction,function and development path of vocational education.At the same time,it is necessary for us to study the interaction between vocational education and economic development in theory,so as to provide a correct reform idea for the top-level design and practice development of vocational education.The research idea of this paper is: First of all,starting from the attribute characteristics of vocational education,it is different from that of compulsory education and higher education,which put more emphasis on the attribute of Public Welfare,in the long-term practice,the vocational education has formed the policy of "taking service as the purpose,taking employment as the guidance",integrating production with education,combining work with study,and setting up a major around the social needs of industry,so that China's vocational education with a stronger "economic attributes.".The definition of the attribute of the vocational education lays the foundation for the rational definition of the boundary between the government and the market,and decides that the vocational education should mainly adopt the market operation mode in the supply,so that the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources,we should attach importance to the efficiency of supply and at the same time strengthen the guiding role of the government.Combining government guidance with market operation and multi-subject co-governance will be the direction of further reform in China's vocational education in the future.Secondly,starting from the connotation of vocational education,combining with the existing literature achievements,sticking to the problem-oriented,the relevant concepts of vocational education are defined.Under the condition of Socialist market economy,the so-called interactive development between vocational education and economy refers to the rational allocation of vocational education resources through the role of market mechanism and competition mechanism in the national economic system,to optimize the structure of the vocational education,so that the vocational education is in harmony with other educational systems and economic development,and to form its own virtuous circle and sustainable development in the process of interaction with the economy;and,third,starting from the track of the development of the vocational education,this paper summarizes the evolution of the development of the vocational education,and draws on the mature models and excellent experiences of the interaction and development of the vocational education and the economy abroad,combining the actual situation of the coordinated development of China's vocational education and economy,combining the top-level design with the grass-roots vision,this paper puts forward the principles and practical countermeasures for the interactive development of China's vocational education and economy,it is of great practical and theoretical significance for the further improvement of the research related to vocational education development.Based on the above idea,this article includes the following parts:The first part is the theoretical basis.This part provides the theory support for the full text research.On the one hand,it defines the related concepts,clearly defines the concept and connotation of vocational education,industrial development,vocational education and Economic Interaction Development,which is the logical starting point of the full-text study;On the other hand,it combs the basic theories in the field of interactive development between vocational education and economy,human capital theory reveals the connotation of vocational education promoting economic development,and modern property right theory extends the boundary of Vocational Education Research,the theory of educational economics provides impetus for the strategic planning of Vocational Education,and the theory of Modern Industrial Organization frames the theoretical framework for the interactive development of vocational education and economy.This part has laid the theoretical foundation for the full text research.The second part,the practical problems.This section combs the historical evolution of the development of the vocational education over the past 40 years,and summarizes the logic of policy changes and the macro development characteristics of the vocational education over the past 40 years,and a detailed account of the main problems facing China's vocational education development.On this basis,and in-depth exploration of the vocational education in the development of the deep-seated reasons for the problems,for the following empirical research and policy recommendations to provide a problem-oriented and practical basis.The third part,empirical research.This section focuses on the study of the efficiency and influencing factors of resource allocation in vocational education and the economic effects of modern vocational education.Using the f?re-Primont Total factor productivity index to estimate the resource allocation efficiency of the vocational education,and using the panel data from 2003 to 2016 to analyze the factors influencing the resource allocation efficiency of the vocational education.Furthermore,the comprehensive evaluation of the interactive effect between Vocational Education and economy is measured by using grey relational system model and factor analysis method.The results show that government support should be strengthened and government functions should be changed,the co-governance ability of market subjects should be improved,and the degree of coordination between the vocational education and economic and social development should be increased,in order to reduce the unbalanced regional development of vocational education and promote the healthy development of vocational education,the empirical conclusions can provide theoretical support and practical basis for the research on the interactive development of vocational education and economy in China.The Fourth Part,international experience.The first part of this section is a detailed examination of the basic situation,operating model and successful experience of the vocational education market development in Germany,the United States and Japan,the paper also makes an in-depth comparative analysis of the interaction patterns between the Vocational Education and economic development in these countries,and sums up the theoretical and practical experiences and shortcomings of the vocational education.Second,it provides experience and enlightenment for the top level design and grass roots practice of vocational education.The fifth part,countermeasure suggestion.On the basis of the empirical research on the coordinated development of vocational education and economy,combining the development course of domestic vocational education,practical problems and the development experience of vocational education at home and abroad,put forward the countermeasure suggestion to our country vocational education and the economic interaction development.The principles of interactive development of Vocational Education and economy in China should follow such principles as people-oriented development,consideration of public welfare and economy,integration of localization and internationalization,clarification of power and responsibility and multiple checks and balances.Adhering to the operational model of vocational education guided by the government and operated by the market,constantly raising the level of multi-subject co-governance,enhancing the effectiveness of the guidance of industrial organizations,and promoting the full play of the role of the enterprise as the main body,further strengthen the implementation of specific schools,the establishment of economic development and industrial transformation based on the demand-oriented model of vocational education,and improve the supporting system of vocational education.