Study On The Influence Factors And Mechanism Of Human Capital And Social Capital On Rural Poverty

As a permanent theme of economic research,the theoretical discussion and realistic solution of poverty problem is a complex and arduous historical task,and it is also an unavoidable objective reality of the economic development of a country or region,which is important and universal to all countries.With the development of economy to different stages,the understanding of poverty will change.Considering the complexity of poverty,the dynamics and the objective existence that relative poverty can not be eliminated,the discussion of poverty is constantly reinnovated,and it is still of far-reaching significance.This paper takes human capital and social capital as the theoretical perspective and investigates the mechanism of the two kinds of capital to the poverty of Chinese farmers.Human capital,Social Capital,farmers' poverty between the three is not only a simple causal relationship,but also acts on the cause and effects on the complex factors and mechanisms.However,most of the researches have paid attention to the direct influence of human capital and social capital on the poverty of farmers.Firstly,the influence of human capital and social capital on the incidence of poverty among farmers.Secondly,the influence of human capital and social capital on the income of farmers.Thirdly,the influence of human capital and social capital on income disparity among different groups of poor households and non-poor households.And fourthly,the influence of human capital and social capital.Fifth,the discussion on whether labour mobility,market-oriented indices and public finance expenditures have a moderating role in the impact of human capital,social capital and poverty.And sixth,the discussion on whether there is an interaction between human capital and social capital and whether there is an intermediary role in the mechanism of influencing poverty.The empirical results show that human capital and social capital are prudent means of poverty reduction,which can significantly reduce the incidence of poverty and raise the income of farmers.Under different poverty criteria,the effect of human capital and social capital on poverty reduction and the effect of income should be obvious.However,the indexes of each dimension have different effects on poverty status and income,which need to be analyzed.The poverty reduction and income enhancement effects of human capital in all dimensions are not affected by the changes in the poverty standard,but still maintain the original significant effect when the poverty standard is raised from low to high level,and the individual dimensions of social capital will change obviously when the poverty standard is raised.The convergent effect of human capital on poor households is greater than on non-poor households,which can narrow the income gap of farmers.This convergence effect on income gap will not be weakened with the promotion of poverty standard.The influence of social capital on poor households is greater than that on non-poor households.Whether between human capital and peasant poverty,or between social capital and peasant poverty,will be affected by the intermediary variables and adjustment variables,in different poverty criteria,the specific intermediary effect and the adjustment effect is different,in general,under the relative poverty criteria,the role of the intermediary variables and adjustment variables more.Human capital and social capital are intermediary variables in the mechanism that affects farmers,but the interaction effect is not significant.Therefore,the transmission pathway of human capital and social capital in the mechanism of poverty impact needs to be examined.These empirical results basically verify the hypothesis of this paper,revealing the mechanism and influence factors of human capital and social capital on the poverty of farmers,and also provide abundant evidence for the anti-poverty strategy in reality.Based on the empirical results,this paper gives the relevant policy enlightenment: poverty alleviation policy choice should fully pay attention to human capital and social capital;poverty alleviation policy design should be effective use of human capital,social capital to farmers poverty mechanism of other factors;povertyalleviation policy adjustments need to consider the changes in poverty standards.The contribution of this paper is,first,through the introduction of the intermediary effect and adjustment effect analysis,from the perspective of human capital and social capital,for the poor farmers to build a complete framework of analysis,enrich and deepen the human capital,social capital of farmers poverty mechanism of discussion,a clear relationship between human capital,Social Capital and rural poverty.Second,the difference from previous research focuses on the current situation of absolute poverty,the absolute poverty and relative poverty at the same time into the framework of the analysis,compared with the different poverty standards,Human Capital,social capital on the role of the mechanism and the influence factors of changes and differences in the poverty of farmers,for poverty standards after the lifting of the new phase of poverty alleviation work,provides a theoretical basis.Third,through the integration of human and social capital into a single analytical framework,the poverty reduction effect,the effect of increasing income,the convergence effect of income disparity and other aspects,the two types of capital in the agricultural Poverty Action mechanisms were fully compared.Fourth,the relationship between human capital and social capital has been deeply explored in the process of impoverishing farmers,and the interaction between them is different from that of previous research.The study shows that human capital and social capital are mutually mediated variables in the process of impoverishing farmers.