Study On The Bidirectional Embedding Operation Mechanism Of Regional Chamber Of Commerce

This paper defines the conception of organizational vitality and builds an analytical framework based on embeddedness theory,finds the trait of"Double Embeddedness"of regional chamber of commerce,and explores its internal multi-bidirectional embedding operation mechanism.Regional chamber of commerce,most of it is the aggregate of private entrepreneurs,a type of social organization with unique Chinese traits,such as the symbol of provincialism and culture,businessmen,form spontaneously,without limits of industries and scale of organization,autonomy,involves in two territories.The core functions of regional chamber of commerce are providing service to members,maintaining social stability and participating public governance,which means it embeds in economy,society and politics,involves in the relations among nation,market and society.It embeds into its location and hometown for development,is supported by provincialism and restrained by local environment,influenced by social relations in the two spaces and has reverse influence on it.We call it the"Double Embeddedness"of regional chamber of commerce.On operation perspective,regional chamber of commerce embeds into location and hometown to derive resources of human capital,culture,money,information,political and social capital for its functions realization.As the operation body and core human resource,the chairman and sectary-general of regional chamber of commerce constructed multiple bidirectional embedding in the process of interaction among market,government and society that supported by other resources.Firstly,the core leaders act as culture symbol and embed into hometown and location to derive provincialism and the essence of local culture for better development;secondly,the core leaders always have political title and embed party and government policies into operation of regional chamber of commerce.Meanwhile,they are the organizers,managers,social celebrities and embed into political system to derive various sources and safeguard their benefits.Regional chamber of commerce opens up the economic,social and political(policy)space by the resources derived from its multiple bidirectional embedding.At the same time,it leads to the status of growing in the crevices of market competition,charity and policy dividends,and that decides the internal impetus and development path of regional chamber of commerce during its operation.The internal impetus is to seek for resources sharing,collaborative development,and linking market with government as a bridge,so as to fill up the development crevice for private entrepreneurs between market and government.Medium,small and micro-sized private enterprises need to be supplied the institutional public policy urgently for its limit of scale and disadvantage of the ability to mobilize resources.But in the period of economy transformation and change of political situations,regional chamber of commerce can not acquire the public service by linking government,and that make the internal impetus disabled fundamentally,become the internal inducement of disembedding.Usually,regional chamber of commerce experiences the period of gathering resources,idealization of its functions,and function location during resources conflict,function stabilization through resources adapting.And then there are three development paths including the benign bidirectional embedding and sustainable development,disembedding alienation development,stagnant development.Regional chamber of commerce in the first state forms its self-consistent mechanism to fit resources into functions through large-scale,internalization of provincialism,institutionalization,branding,and professionalization.That is:double embeddedness,gathering resources-study,explore,amend——perfect culture,create new concept——solve problems,practice steadfastly——build brand,gain recognition——reverse feeding resources-thriving vitality.While regional chamber of commerce in the second state disembeds for the self——deviation mechanism including transcending normal regional chamber of commerce,informal management,lack of service,invalid link with government.That is:the deviation of culture expansion and spiritual support,mismatch of human resources and mobilization mechanism,guiding ideology,influence and external political,economic environment.Regional chamber of commerce in the third state would transform to the first state when core leaders coordinate actively,whereas it is doomed to decline and fall.The experiences and lessons in this paper may provide enlightenments for the development of regional chamber of commerce and the benign transition of social relations inside and outside the organization.On the perspective of regional chamber of commerce development,firstly,it needs introspection of its development history,tries to change to large-scale,to form strong support;secondly,recognizes the fundamental support is provincialism and organization culture;thirdly,keeps firmly in mind that the mission of regional chamber of commerce is service,is to provide service to members,society and government;fourthly,to be good bridge between government and member enterprises;fifthly,recognize the key problems in the process of development,and strength the ability of self-regulation.On the perspective of social governance by government,nation has embedded into regional chamber of commerce by particular approach,so as its basic line to be maintained and practiced.Regional chamber of commerce should embed into nation so as to derive various resources controlled by government,act as the helper of local government to achieve its goal and promote local economic and social development.But it should be avoided by all means to become the platform of collusion between government and businessmen,the tool of benefit exchange.This paper discusses the applicability of the concept"Double Embeddedness"of Chinese special social organization such as association of fellow provincials,homecoming,alumni association,association of comrade-in-armses,and alumni regional chamber of commerce.They all embed and are influenced by the relations in two special areas(sites),and involve in the interaction of nation-organization(market)-society.The multi-bidirectional embedding of chamber of commerce includes the relations among nation-market-society while other social organizations only involves in relations between nation and society,it is more complicated and valuable to study.This paper builds an analysis frame of organizational vitality based the"analyzable strategy"of embeddedness,and highlights the process of organizational resources fit to its functions,and refines the theory of orgzanizational ecology to some extent.Which maybe the theoretical contribution of this paper for the respond and supplement to the open system and resource dependency theory.