Research On The Value Inheritance Of Excellent Traditional Culture's Moral Image In Premier And Middle School Textbooks

The moral image in Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture has developed a long history.It has its own unique value in maintaining history or nurturing contemporary.As the carrier of culture,one of the most important functions of textbooks is inheriting and carrying forward the quintessence of moral image which was accumulated in the historical process.However,the moral image in Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture originated in and developed in the feudal society,which means it has unavoidable limitations,and also contains quintessence.Therefore,the purpose of portraying the moral image of Excellent Traditional Culture in the textbooks is screening and transforming traditional moral image,insteading of copying the whole traditional moral system,so that the most basic moral image can be adapted to the contemporary culture and coordinated with the needs of modern society.Although the moral image of Excellent Traditional Culture is generated and static,the description of it in the textbooks is dynamic and developmental.The choice of textbook content highlights its value tendency,and the organization of textbook content conveys its cultural characteristics."What moral values do textbooks inherit?" "How do they inherit?" These factors reflect its value inheritance characteristics of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image.This research analyzes the moral image of Excellent Traditional Culture in the textbooks from the aspect of content and form analysis,and during the analysis,it uses “contrasting between ancient and modern” as a dark line to explore its value inheritance characteristics of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image.The definition of core concepts is the theoretical basis for this research,providing the theoretical support for the formation of analytical framework.“Moral image” means that individuals,companies,countries,and other moral subjects gives people a moral outlook by their own stable moral manifestations.“Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image” means that people's specific moral impression for Excellent TraditionalCulture raised by its mainstream moral ideology.It can be divided into moral image at the individual level,moral image at the social level,and moral image at the national level."Heritage" not only means continuation,but also means new interpretation and transcendence on the basis of continuation,so “the value inheritance of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image in the textbooks” means textbooks portray Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image through content selection and content presentation,by which reflects the continuation,interpretation and transcendence of it."Person-society-state" and "continuation-interpretation-transcendence" mentioned above are the dimensions of following analysis.The structure,dimension,item and characteristics of morality in traditional culture outline the moral image of Excellent Traditional Culture.So this part combs them from an overview prospective to lay foundation for the following comparison analysis.Moral images in Excellent Traditional Culture are divided into three parts,which are cause noumenon,moral practice item and end noumenon.Moral practice item is divided into individual level morality,social level morality and national level morality.Individual level morality includes self-discipline spirits such as temperance,shamelessness,modesty,and diligence,self-improvement spirits such as independence,enterprising,etc.Social level morality includes forgiveness,honesty,gratitude,philanthropy,responsibility and so on.National level morality includes patriotism,loyalty,dedication,harmony,solidarity,peace and so on.The characteristics of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image include the strong color of ethics-centered,the tendency of holism,the combined virtue of heaven and man,moral practice-orientation,doctrine of the mean,justice outweighing benefit,the original goodness of human nature,self-disciplined.The selection of content in the textbooks highlights its value orientation,So this part uses content analysis to comb the moral content contained in the textbooks.It analyzes individual level morality,social level morality and national level morality respectively in the textbooks to reveal the value inheritance characteristics when portraying the moral image of Excellent Traditional Culture.The inheritance characteristics includes three parts,which are inheriting universal morality;reinterpreting the morality intertwined with advantage and limitation to make it meet the needs of modern society;making up for the missing and weakened morality in Excellent Traditional Culture.From these three perspectives,this research presents value inheritance characteristics when textbooks portray the moral image of ExcellentTraditional Culture,and analyzes the continuation and differences between ancient and modern.The form of morality presentation in the textbooks demonstrates its value orientation.So this part focuses on the presentation form of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image in the textbooks basing on the combination of viewpoint statement and case analysis.On the foundation of textual analysis of textbooks,this part explores the presentation form of moral image,including visible morality carrier such as model demonstration,moral narrative and moral activity,invisible discourse analysis such as dialogue,metaphor,and persuasion.During the analysis,research also explores the differences between ancient and modern,and the value orientation transition behind it.Specifically,in the terms of morality presentation,hidden infiltration reflects the mitigation of sermon tendency in traditional moral education;model demonstration embodies the interweaving of moral personality in traditional personality;moral narrative transcends the monism of truth in Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image;moral activity embodies autonomy of moral subject,rather than traditional authoritative discipline.In the terms of discourse expression,from summon to dialogue is the development direction of morality value guiding method;metaphor eases the tendency of “sanctification” of traditional moral education;punishment and exhortation reflect the differences of morality demonstration style between ancient and modern times.Basing on the analysis above,this part summarizes the inheritance characteristics of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image,and analyzes their reasons.Specifically,the textbooks inherit and surpass Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image mainly on the following levels.They inherit the value of harmony between the heaven and human,the value of sageliness within and kingliness without,the value orientation of righteousness-centred inner character and courtesy-centred external rules.Transcendence includes three parts,which are from unitary morality to pluralism morality,from obligations to rights,the relationship between righteousness and profit from repulsion to reconciliation,the relationship between public and private from repulsion to reconciliation,and from traditional patriarchal interests to universal social justice.The deep motivations for inheritance and transcendence include four aspects:the dual nature of culture,the cultural essence of textbooks,the promotion of social development and the conversion of ideas.In the terms of dual nature of culture,textbooks need to preserve and extend universal morality,reinterpret and beyond the morality intertwining with advantage and limitation,which determines that valueinheritance of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image in the textbooks should achieve transcendence on the basis of inheritance.In the terms of cultural essence of textbooks,textbooks not only face past undertaking the task of culture accumulation and inheritance;but also face future leading the development of culture innovation.At the same time,they also reflect their own cultural qualities during culture inheritance.These show that value inheritance of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image in the textbooks is not simple duplication,but transcendence based on inheritance.In the terms of the promotion of social development,the progress of production mode dispels the mystery of heaven as the moral ontology,the transformation of economic system highlights the subjectivity of human beings in morality,the transformation of social structure promotes the publicity of individual morality.In the terms of the promotion of ideas conversion,it includes changing the heaven-based moral ontology,transcending the repulsive relationship between righteousness and profit,public and private,and purifying the traditional patriarchal interests to achieve universal truth.Basing on the analysis above,this part extracts the key points for the value inheritance of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image.Establishing the criteria for choosing and transforming traditional morality includes inheriting the quintessence of traditional morality,tapping the “potential modernity” of traditional morality to connect with modernity,promoting the “homologous post-modernity” of traditional morality to be in line with future.Creating a modern presentation context of Excellent Traditional Morality includes adopting open morality presentation patterns to guide students' moral subjectivity,tightening the linkage between tradition and modernity during the explanation of traditional morality.Paying attention to the three sets of relationships in traditional morality inheritance includes letting the “tradition” arise in “modern” to nourish the soil of moral culture,finding the balance of “moral freedom” and “the consensus of moral values”,leading the "super-obligation" morality on the foundation of respecting “individual moral choice”.Finally,combining the key points for the value inheritance of Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image,and aiming at the problems existing in contemporary textbooks portraying the Excellent Traditional Culture's moral image,this part comes up with optimization strategies from the aspects of content and form.Content optimization includes constructing excellent traditional morality system basing on social demand and students' characteristics,guaranteeing the integrity and hierarchy of excellent traditional morality in the textbooks,and strengthening the legality construction of excellenttraditional morality in the textbooks.Form optimization includes transforming morality presentation patterns to guide students' moral subjectivity,combining several subjects to guarantee three-dimensional explanation of excellent traditional morality,and establishing multiplex resource links of excellent traditional morality in the textbooks.The innovation of this research lies in the analysis of value inheritance characteristics of excellent traditional culture's moral image in the textbooks from the perspective of critical inheritance.The current analysis of traditional morality in textbooks implies a premise: accepting the rationality of the morality in excellent traditional culture under the modern background.Related researches focus more on what morality textbooks should “get” from excellent traditional culture.This research starts with the perspective of critical inheritance and expects to sort out what kind of“continuation”,“interpretation” and “transcendence” have been achieved in textbooks during the value inheritance of excellent traditional culture's moral image.Basing on these analysis above,this research aims to figure out how textbooks interpret and present the morality of excellent traditional culture in the modern contexts,so as to tap its era value and make the “pre-modern” morality be more useful to our modern moral education.