Research On The Outcome-Oriented Indicator System Of Physical Education Accreditation In China

Higher education is the lead of educational business that originally drives innovation.It plays a supporting and leading role in the overall social and economic development.Since the 1970s,the scale of education has kept expanding with the continuous expansion of higher education scale in various countries in the world.The developed countries where higher education has been implemented have stepped into the popularization stage of higher education from the elite times of implicit quality.But they ignore the improvement of quality due to the one-sided emphasis on the expansion of number,so the quality decline caused by scale efficiency has been a practical serious fact.Talent cultivation is mainly achieved through professional education in the undergraduate education in China's colleges and universities.The quality of professional education is the top priority in the development of higher education,and the professional quality standard becomes the essential condition for evaluating the quality of professional education and management.In this paper,the connotation,fundamental theory,design philosophy and target factors for the construction of indicator system of physical education accreditation based on students' learning outcomes has been deeply explored,and the relevant current quality standards at home and abroad have been deeply analyzed,so that the indicator system of physical education accreditation based on students' learning outcomes can be established preliminarily.It plays a very important role in updating the major evaluation concept of higher education,expanding the research scope of accreditation of higher education in China,reflecting the existing problems in the professional quality assurance process of physical education,using the advanced experience in foreign certification standards for reference,and providing a reference in theory and practice for the current evaluation reform of physical education and teaching.The literature review method,method of comparative analysis,expert investigation method and mathematical statistics are used for the theory and practice research on the construction of indicator system of physical education accreditation.Systematic literature arrangement has been mainly conducted in the "introduction" part by following the two main lines of "certification research based on students' learning outcomes" and"research on the indicator system of physical education accreditation in the quality guarantee system".From the research object,students' learning process and outcomes have been more and more taken seriously in the indicator system of higher education quality evaluation in various countries,especially the countries or regions with developed higher education represented by the United States and the United Kingdom.And the outcome-oriented standard design can be reflected in the major standard of engineering,medicine,teachers' education and physical education.In contrast,the correlational researches in China are mostly confined to the relevant experience borrowed from foreign evaluation of learning outcomes.They mainly focus on the certification standards of majors of engineering education,teacher education,sports management and leisure sports with the United States as the center as well as researches on subject benchmark in the United Kingdom,but the indicator system of physical education accreditation in China has been rarely involved.Secondly,from the research contents,the construction of indicator system of physical education major evaluation is mainly concentrated on the individual evaluation of colleges and universities,curriculum,quality of thesis and teaching ability rather than the research on indicator system of physical education accreditation and evaluation.Finally,from the research method,the patterns of manifestation are relatively simple as follows.The current evaluations of undergraduate teaching level have been summarized experimentally and used for reference in some papers.Descriptive and speculative methods are mainly used for theoretical discussion in lack of data quantitative analysis for supporting.The indicator system constructed in some papers has been slightly modified directly based on the content of indicator system of undergraduate teaching level evaluation,which lacks necessary qualitative analysis and profound theoretical research.These researches are not very consistent with the international advanced evaluation concept and fail to fully reflect the specialized characteristic of physical education in China.Based on the overall situation of existing research in China,"research on the outcome-oriented indicator system of physical education accreditation" is taken as the theme in this paper,and the literature review method,method of comparative analysis,expert investigation method and mathematical statistics are used for the theory and practice research on the construction of indicator system of physical education accreditation.The following major issues are expected to be addressed or achieved.Firstly,why should we implement physical education accreditation?Secondly,why should we choose learning outcomes-oriented educational concept?Thirdly,how to carry out the learning outcomes-oriented concept in the indicator system of accreditation?The relevant theoretical basis and related concepts of outcome-oriented indicator system of physical education accreditation are mainly defined in "Chapter 1,which is the logic basis of all researches.Firstly,the concepts of learning outcomes,accreditation and physical education accreditation are defined and compared with related concepts,and the concept connotation in China is clearly explained.Secondly,the methods such as literature review method are used to explain the relevant theoretical basis of index construction,including the theory of new public management,the fourth generation of evaluation theory,humanistic theory and PDCA cycle theory.These provide a theoretical basis for the preliminary construction of indicator system,highlight the core idea of outcome-oriented education,and expand the concept to the every link of quality assurance of physical education major,so that the indicator design of outcome-oriented certification,outcome-oriented curriculum,outcome-oriented teaching and other specific links can be completed.It can not only enrich the evaluation theory of physical education from the perspective of disciplinary development but also provide new ideas and specific implementation proposals.The current situation research is mainly introduced in“Chapter 2" through the interpretation of current related quality standards in China.The National Standard for Teaching Quality of Undergraduate Sports Majors in China and Teacher Majors Certification Standards in Jiangsu are taken as the research object,and the internal logic is explored from the standard content.The standard content is deeply analyzed to explore the inherent substantive characteristics,providing important reference data for the implementation of research on the indicator system of physical education accreditation in China.According to the research,the main characteristics and policy orientation of National Standard for Teaching Quality of Undergraduate Sports Majors in China are showed as follows:the unity and diversity are combined;the universality of disciplines and individuality of majors are combined;"strengthening of moral education and cultivation of people" is taken as the foundation;professional core courses are focused on;the admission standard requests of new developed majors are focused on;and the establishment and improvement of professional quality assurance system is emphasized on.The Teacher Majors Certification Standards in Jiangsu has been taken as the research object on the basis of national standards integration.The standards are the earliest developed standards of accreditation work,which mainly reflects the reform of new teacher education mode,including the establishment of student-centered educational concept,the content of indicators involving students' learning and development,major admission emphasized,cultivation and output requirements and cultivation of graduates' ability of practice(internship).It has been summarized from the above analysis of the relevant domestic standards that both of the two standards reflect the characteristics of education oriented,practical orientation,characteristic development and reform and innovation.This provides important reference data for the construction of indicator system of physical education accreditation under the classification of teacher majors in China.Comparative study on the foreign physical education accreditation standards is mainly carried out in "Chapter 3",including the three representative countries,the United States,the United Kingdom and Canada.The organization structuring,certification process,function and standard content of physical education accreditation are mainly contrastively analyzed and summarized.The research results show that the foreign physical education accreditation standards have obvious output-oriented characteristics.They pay attention to the actual learning outcomes of students and the effect of curriculum system on learning outcomes,reserve standard interface in the indicator design,and attach importance to the important position of educational practice in the cultivation quality of professional talents.They set the minimum standards to strictly control the quality of teachers admitted and implement a sound mechanism of continuous improvement of quality.Comparatively speaking,there are some similarities in the certification concept and content between Teacher Majors Certification Standards in Jiangsu and foreign physical education accreditation standards.From the perspective of content,they attach importance to the dominant position of students,the connection between relevant teachers' standards and curriculum standards,teacher-training characteristics of indicator design,the minimum standards for teacher admission as well as the important position education practice in talent cultivation.However,the relevant standards still seem to pay less attention to the aspects of outcome-oriented requirement for graduation,curriculum setting and continuous improvement of quality.Therefore,the combination of relevant domestic and foreign standards will have important reference value and a certain referential significance for the scientific construction of physical education accreditation standard system in colleges and universities in China.The construction basis,basic principle and design concept of indicator system are mainly clarified in "Chapter 4".First of all,the construction basis of indicator system of physical education accreditation in China is clearly explained.The classification evaluation reform background of diversified development of higher education is taken as the realistic condition,the comprehensive implementation of teacher accreditation work and timely issuance of national standards of physical education is taken as the basis,and the new concepts,new orientation and new methods in foreign certification standards that are valuable are combined,so as to lay a solid foundation for the construction of indicator system of physical education accreditation in China.Secondly,the basic principle of construction shall be determined,including the principle of inheritance and opening combined,people-oriented and outcome-oriented principle,principle of qualitative and quantitative analysis combined,and principle of specialized characteristic of physical education.Finally,the core idea of indicator system design is determined based on the premise of following the construction principles,that is,"student centered","outcome-oriented education" and "continuous improvement of quality".This thus provides a theoretical foundation for the determination of various target factors in the indicator system of physical education accreditation in the next chapter.The construction of indicator system of physical education accreditation is introduced in"Chapter 5",,which is the key research content and innovation point of this paper.It can be mainly divided into the following parts.Firstly,the design path of indicator system should be determined.The basic methods and logical structure are used to emphasize the application of factor decomposition method in the construction process and decompose the indicator system layer by layer into overall target layer,construct validity and content validity.The contents mainly include two parts,namely,"indicator system" and "standard system".Secondly,the research basis and factor of indicator setting should be analyzed.The sources and basis of documents used for construction of indicators are clearly explained,and the overall indicator system frame of physical education accreditation should be preliminarily designed through the analysis of logical structure,indicator setting basis and target factors.Thirdly,the indicator system should be inspected.The expert interview method and expert questionnaire method are adopted in this paper and software,software statistics package and other tools are used to process the relevant data.And finally the indicator system and standard of physical education accreditation that is composed of 8 first-grade indicators,27 second-grade indicators and 23 third-grade indicators has been established.The research conclusions and prospects are indicated in Chapter 6.The main conclusions of this research and potential innovative ideas are firstly summarized.Then the views of the writer(s)on the further research are presented on the basis of the completed research contents.