The Viceroys Of CHI-LI And The Transformation Of School Education In Hebei In The Late-Qing Dynasty(1901?1911)

As government officers of late-Qing Dynasty,the viceroys group of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty were made up of individuals.On the one hand,they had the nature to maintain the feudal rule and its own unique status;on the other hand,they also showed the unique personality of attention to education reform,the cultivation of talents and running schools.In the new deal period of the late-Qing Dynasty,the reforms in the field of education were particularly remarkable in the control and promotion of the viceroys of CHI-LI.Its size and quality of education were among the forefront of the country.New schools at all levels and the modern education system of Hebei were founded,which has laid the foundation for the development of modern education in Hebei and promoted the transformation from traditional education to modern education.Through the study on the various practical measures of the running schools and education reform by the viceroys of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty,we find that this study may not only provide a new perspective for academic research on education ran by the viceroys,but also provide experience and historical enlightenment for the development of regional education.The part of introduction mainly discusses that the phenomenon of education runned by the viceroys was a new fashion in the late-Qing Dynasty.The part put the emphasis on research origin and research significance.Basic concepts and scope of research are defined.The current state and literature review are analyzed.Theoretical reference and research methods are expounded.Strive to pave the way for writing the full text.The first chapter introduces the background and motivation of the education runned by the viceroys in the late-Qing Dynasty.The social background of the education runned by the viceroys in the late-Qing Dynasty include the semi colonial and semi feudal society in Hebei,the impact of western culture's spreading on Hebei's traditional school education,the impact of the thoughts to save the nation by education on education reform in Hebei,the background and general situation of CHI-LI education reform in the new deal period of the late-Qing Dynasty.We analyze the internal and external causes of education runned by the viceroys from the perspective of multiple perspectives.These factors include the impact of modern western education on traditional education in Hebei,a long tradition of running a school in Hebei,the government's attention to education reform in the late-Qing Dynasty,the viceroys' demonstration of building schools and the objective demand of talents to make province and people rich.The second chapter analyzes all viceroys of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty and their education staff.On the basis of analysis of authority,position and representation status of the viceroys of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty,we focus on the four viceroys of CHI-LI who had outstanding contribution on the transformation of school education in Hebei and their outstanding achievements.Then,this thesis explores education staff and executive group promoting the transformation of school education in Hebei in the late-Qing Dynasty.The basic characteristics and composition of them are analyzed.We found that they were important force to promote education reform in the late-Qing Dynasty.The third chapter is about various measures of the transformation of school education in Hebei under the push of the viceroys of CHI-LI.Measures to change the educational concept,measures to promote the reform of school education management system,strategies to promote the transformation of traditional school education structure,measures to promote the transformation of school teaching mode,and measures to guide the transformation of school teachers and students are included.This part also makes a concrete analysis of the specific reform measures and effectiveness to set up a new school and to initiate a new education ran by the viceroys of CHI-LI,education staff and local officials in the process of promoting the reform and transformation of school education in Hebei in the late-Qing Dynasty.The fourth chapter discusses the characterization of the transformation of school education in Hebei under the push of the viceroys of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty.The characterizations include the transformation of the school and teacher's education idea,the transformation of school education management system,the transformation of structure of school education,the changes of school teaching mode,and the changes of teachers and students groups.By using the method of literature analysis and measurement history and comparing with the traditional feudal old education,this paper expounds the basic situation and typical characteristics of all kinds of new education at different levels of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty.The fifth chapter is the analysis of the effect and influence factors to set up the school education by the viceroys of CHI-LI in the late-Qing Dynasty.In the viceroys' drive,school education in Hebei had achieved remarkable results in the late-Qing Dynasty,which promoted the Hebei education as soon as possible into the track of modernization,and promoted the scale and quality of education in Hebei in the forefront of the country.They had trained the new school graduates who went to all walks of life.They had improved the quality of their people.It laid the foundation for the development of school education in the period of the Republic of China.We analyze the influence factors of the transformation of school education in Hebei in the late-Qing Dynasty from four aspects.The success of education transformation benefited from the governor's control and promotion.Under the control of the viceroys,all orders carried out were the guarantees of effective transformation.Effective financing measures were the material guarantee of establishing school.Active participation of the public ensured the success of the transformation of education.The sixth chapter analyzes the characteristics and modern value of the viceroys of CHI-LI and the transformation of Hebei school education.This part also summarizes the main features of the viceroys of CHI-LI to set up the Hebei education and promote Hebei school education transformation in the late-Qing Dynasty.From the historical facts of the establishment of Hebei education and the measures and concrete practice of the transformation of education,we put forward the beneficial experience and enlightenment of education reform and transformation for today's education reform..Epilogue mainly makes the historical perspective on the phenomenon of education ran by the viceroys.And it has the analysis of the successful experience and characteristics of local governors who set up education.At the same time,research reflection and theory discussion about the research on the viceroys and Hebei school education transformation are made.