| Rural grassroots governance is the micro foundation of state governance.With the continuous advancement of the process of national governance modernization,the discussion on how to strengthen the effectiveness of rural governance has become the focus of many scholars.Different from the research carried out from the perspectives of transforming the rural governance model and adjusting the rural governance structure,this paper explores the grassroots from the perspective of “the construction and effective operation of modern countries depends on a large and high-quality bureaucracy”.The bureaucrats mainly constitute the main force of the group,the party and the state to govern the rural society-the interaction between the quality of township civil servants and the promotion of modernization of rural governance.On the one hand,under the framework of the "state-society" theory analysis,township civil servants are the link and bridge connecting the national political society and the rural civil society.It is necessary to complete the rural grassroots governance,a special social division with political attributes and social attributes.It should have a firm political quality,be proficient in the use of formal institutional rules and political authority,and play a good role in political transmission.It should also have the local wisdom to rationally apply the discretionary power in the hands to resolve local conflicts of interest and governance dilemmas.The people solved all kinds of practical problems encountered in production and life.On the other hand,in the process of modernization of rural governance,the functions of township governments and the specific ways of functioning them have changed,and higher requirements have been put forward on the concept of consciousness,knowledge and psychological quality of civil servants in towns and villages.Strengthening the quality cultivation of township civil servants has important practical significance for improving the governance capacity of township governments,building a modern rural governance system,and maintaining the credibility of township governments.This paper takes the new institutionalism theory as the overall analysis framework,takes the rural governance modernization as the research background,and uses the theory of governance,street bureaucracy,rational behavior choice theory,quality model theory and training related theory as the main theoretical basis.Theoretical analysis,empirical research method,literature research and comparative research method have carried out detailed analysis and discussion on the quality cultivation of township civil servants.This article mainly discusses and solves the following problems:First of all,it discusses the quality content of township civil servants under the vision of rural governance modernization.On the one hand,based on the governance theory,from the three dimensions of the township government's role in the process of rural governance,namely,the executive function of the vertical dimension,the coordination function of the horizontal dimension,and the planning guidance and service guarantee function in the front and rear dimensions,The basic quality requirements put forward by rural governance for township civil servants should have a firm policy implementation quality,an active three-agricultural service quality and a good overall coordination quality.On the other hand,based on the relevant theories of good governance and good governance,it discusses the higher requirements of the modernization of rural governance on the quality of township civil servants,that is,having a stronger quality of grassroots organization construction,the quality of democracy and the rule of law,overall planning and coordination quality,and the use of modern governance.The technical competence of technology and governance tools,as well as the quality of prevention,mitigation and response to sudden emergencies.Secondly,it discusses the practical significance and necessity of strengthening the quality cultivation of township civil servants from the perspective of theoretical logic and realistic demand.From the theoretical logic,one is based on the theory of street bureaucracy and the theory of rational behavior choice.Under the framework of "work environment-behavior choice" analysis,with the discretionary power and behavior choice space as the logical starting point,this paper discusses several typical behaviors of township civil servants.Choice mode,such as policy implementation,rule dependence,first-line abstention,etc.Second,based on the quality model theory,the external behavior of township civil servants is part of their quality,and their inherent concept consciousness,character quality and knowledge ability It is formed by the comprehensive effect of quality,and then the combination of quality is formed by the repeated circulation of consciousness indoctrination,knowledge learning,ability training and habit formation.It discusses the strengthening of the quality of township civil servants to correct township civil servants.The importance and role of deviation in behavioral choice at work.From the perspective of actual demand,this study examines the status quo of the quality of civil servants in China's towns and villages through questionnaires,field interviews,media case analysis,etc.,and finds that there are currently insufficient deficiencies in the quality of civil servants in China's townships,such as lack of political awareness and political theory.The quality of democracy and the quality of the rule of law are not high,the professional ethical responsibility needs to be strengthened,the quality of cultural business needs to be improved,the physical and psychological quality still needs to be improved,and there is a certain gap between the requirements for the modernization of rural governance.Therefore,it is urgent to strengthen the cultivation of the quality of township civil servants and improve the overall quality level of civil servants in townships and towns is compatible with the requirements of modernization of rural governance.Thirdly,through the investigation of the history and current situation of the quality cultivation of civil servants in China's towns and villages,this paper analyzes the main problems and reasons in the cultivation of civil servants in China.For example,the lack of pertinence and practicality of the quality of township civil servants,the single mode of quality cultivation,and the imbalance of supply and demand of civil servant training and education resources,etc.,are mainly due to the following reasons: First,due to the low awareness of the quality of the civil servants in townships and towns,the quality of township civil servants The cultivation work lacks a correct attitude and pays sufficient attention.Secondly,the quality cultivation system of township civil servants is not perfect,which leads to the lack of systematic and continuous quality training of civil servants in towns and villages.Third,the guarantee mechanism for the cultivation of civil servants in townships is not perfect,and grassroots education and training resources and it is difficult to secure funding.Fourth,through comparative analysis of several major types of characteristics and main practices of the cultivation of foreign civil servants,namely,“demand-oriented” represented by the Commonwealth countries such as the United Kingdom,“capability-oriented” represented by the United States,and Canada.The “value-oriented” represented by Australia,the “human-oriented” represented by Singapore,and the “practical orientation” represented by Japan,summed up the basic experience that can be used for the cultivation of civil servants in China's townships,such as strengthening The rule of law and system guarantee of civil servant training,classification and classification establish civil servant quality standards,conduct regular quality assessment of civil servants,improve the construction of civil servant moral behavior standards,attach importance to the combination of theoretical training and practical training,and pay attention to the assessment and application of civil servant training and education results.Finally,based on the previous discussion,the basic path of strengthening the quality of township civil servants in the perspective of rural governance modernization is proposed.That is to rely on reliable political quality,good moral quality,superb professional quality and healthy psychological quality as the main goal of the cultivation of civil servants' quality,adhere to the combination of political quality and professional quality,combine theoretical training with practice,and regulate constraints.The basic principle of combining with incentive guarantee,traditional inheritance and era innovation,to strengthen the construction of a complete township civil servant quality cultivation system as the main countermeasure,to enrich the content and methods of township civil servant quality cultivation,strengthen the township civil servant education and training system,Establish a quality tracking and evaluation system for township civil servants,improve the supporting system guarantee for the quality training of township civil servants,strengthen the construction of ideological and moral culture,and create a good cultural environment,and improve the systemic,sustainable and effective cultivation of civil servants' quality. |
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