A Study On Marx And Engels’ Thought Of Authority

Marx and Engels’ thought of authority,as an important part of scientific socialism,remained a long-term studying hot spot to Marx and Engels and contributed great theoretical and practical value to the development of proletarian struggles as well as communist movements.To study Marx and Engels’ thought of authority is of great significance to the era and history in deepening understanding of Marxist basic principles,developing theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics as well as upholding and maintaining authority of the Party for the new era.The paper is based on Marx and Engels’ life-time studies and works related to the theory of authority,integrating with their theoretical and practical process during the International Communist Movement,analyzing the forming condition,evolution course,main content,historical heritage and the new era’s development of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority,in order to explore theoretical logic and realistic paths of the scientific theory for today’s operation and application.This thesis combines theory and practice,through the logic sequence of historical exploration,principle analysis and reality discussion,elaborating four chapters in the main frame,which contains the source and background,evolution and process,basic connotation and operational principles,historical heritage and the new era’s innovation of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority.The paper holds the classic theory with its development for the new era,which focuses on the question contemporarily and realistically,utilizing text analysis,class analysis and historical analysis so as to make an academic contribution about Marx and Engels’ thought of authority with contemporariness,innovation,systematicness and academism.Part One,the theoretical source and historical conditions of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority.This chapter analyzes the theoretical source and historical background of Marx and Engels’ authority study,trying to find the formation basic and era picture of the scientific thought of authority.It elaborates that Marx and Engels’ view of authority was firstly inspired by the concept of authority discussed from ancient Greek philosophy,the French Revolution,the Utopian socialism and Hegel’s national outlook,then guided by historical materialism,established in fighting practice with strugglingproletariat against reactionary capitalism,and eventually germinated to scientific thought of authority overall.Part Two,the evolutionary process of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority.This chapter is based on Marx and Engels’ theoretical works and struggle practice from youth to agedness,expounding the sprouting,development,shaping up and maturity of their thought of authority by time,to show the evolution of theory in practice and the progress of practice with the theory.Marx and Engels had started criticizing the ruling stale authority since their youth time,then they enriched and expanded the theory when leading,organizing and participating the Communist League,the International Working Men’s Association and working class parties around the world,and eventually formed thought of authority with scientificity and representativeness,making huge contribution to the struggle of proletarian revolution and the development of International Communist Movement.Part Three,the main content of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority.This chapter demonstrates the main concept and nature characteristics of authority under the perspective of Marx and Engels,concludes Marx and Engels’ analysis of proletarian authority’s four varieties and its operational principles,revealing the main framework of Marx and Engels’ authority theory.Studying from Marx and Engels’ life-time exploration of authority,the chapter has clarified the concept of authority under Marx and Engels’ view,analyzed authority’s characteristics of class,historicality,legitimacy and rationality;it innovatively generalizes the authority of the Party,ideology,politics and society,as quadruple basic connotation of proletarian scientific authority,whose operational principles are also illuminated as democracy-centralization,organization-cooperation,leadership-coordination and revolution-construction.Part Four,the historical heritage and the new era’s development of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority.This chapter discusses the promoting effect of Marx and Engels’ thought of authority to the international communist movement and elaborates the heritage and innovation of scientific authority thought in socialism with Chinese characteristics for the new era.Revolutionists and theorists like Lenin,Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping put the classic authority theory into practice and made great contribution in both revolution and construction of socialism.In the new era of socialism withChinese characteristics,Marx and Engels’ thought of authority get inheriting and developing,which firmly upholds and strengthens the Party’s authority,insists on people-centered to show authority’s people attribute and adhere to authority’s operational principles to promote the reform and development in depth,aiming for realizing the Chinese Dream of great national rejuvenation.Authority,as objective reality existed in political nature since the establishment of human society,has been leading and maintaining the social order of human history with complex connotation and impact;Marx and Engels,as knowledgeable ideologists and experienced revolutionists,summarized scientific thought of authority based on proletarian position with logical analysis and accurate comprehension;their thought of authority,which gradually evolves during process of the World Socialism,sparkles in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics and leads theoretical inspiration and realistic direction for China and world’s magnificent future.The paper takes Marx and Engels’ studying course and struggle experience as theoretical clues,trying to restore their scientific understanding of authority truly and objectively,based on new problems and needs contemporarily to observe and explore the development and enlightenment of classic authority thought in the new era,in order to add the spirit of the time into classic theory.