The Social Emotional Governance In Online Public Opinion

In recent years,the effective response to the online public opinion is a troublesome problem faced by the government in the practice of internet governance.Among them,social emotions,as the core content,state representation,and fuel of the online public opinion,constitute an essential and key aspect of online public opinion governance.At the same time,based on the new media and Post-truth Era characteristics,social emotions are also characterized by the "separation" or even "prior" and "ruling" the objective facts,which constitute the difficulties and uncontrollability in the online public opinion governance.The online public opinion governance is not just the disposition of the problem of objective fact,but also the care and relief of the specific problem of social emotions.And to some extent,the success of the latter determines the overall effect.However,the current government is unable to cope with social emotional problems,which is the crux of the lack of effectiveness of online public opinion governance.Current research about social emotional problems in the onlinen public opinion has problems such as the fragmentation of explanations,idealization and ambiguity of the suggestions.The theoretical research often lags behind the practice development,lack systematic analysis of the mechanism of social emotional problems,the measures of the government,and the comprehensive and targeted reflection accordingly.Based on theoretical and practical considerations,this study focuses on the governance of social emotions in online public opinion.To explain the realization of effective governance,two basic problems or "two causes" need to be clarified first: one is the generation of social emotional problems,and the other is the failure of existing government solutions.Among them,the former points to the "direct orgins" of social emotional problems.The latter mainly constitutes the cause of the persistence of these social emotional problems due to the "failure to solve",and sometimes aggravates the social emotional problems due to "improper solution".In a word,they belong to different dimensions of the cause of social emotion problems,and their solution is the key content of research on social emotion governance.The main content of this paper focus on these "two causes" and their solutions,and both from the perspective of information asymmetry:First of all,this paper put forward the "three-subject and two-dimension" mechanism of the negative social emotions trend from the perspective of information asymmetry,and used it to examine the reality.The information asymmetry in online public opinion is "multiply composed".It is multidimensional,complex and inevitable.The preference and ability difference of the government,network media,and the public,which in the information supply,transport,and receiving,constitude the information asymmetry "chain".Combined with the relation of "information" and "emotion",the perspective of information asymmetry in this paper has three theory meaning: situation analysis,cause analysis and logical framework building,based on which this paper puts forward the "three-subject and two-dimension" mechanism.The limited government response,limited media coverage,and limited public cognition under the interference of “preference-ability” constitute the problem of negative trend of social emotion.In reality,the limited government response,limited media coverage,and limited public cognition that induce nagetive social emotion problem are respectively manifested as: the government’s confrontational response under the “strong order needs-high risk expectations”,and lack of positive response under the constraint of verification cycle and communication skills;the network media’s lyrical report under the "high hits demand-high competition expectations" and negative reporting traps under fragmentation and live broadcast mode,the public’s stigmatic cognition under the "deterministic needs-low trust expectations" and negative cognitive paranoia under the restriction of knowledge structure and information channels.These "three-subject and two-dimension" factors from the perspective of information asymmetry not only play a role in the negative reaction of social emotions respectively,but also have a positive feedback relationship which coupled with each other.They constitute a systemic dilemma of negative social emotion trend which has a bad cycle,large probability and random trigger.Secondly,for the reasons for the failure of the government’s existing governance methods,the three paths,such as emotional response,emotional prevention and control,and emotional counseling,are systematically sorted out and rethinked based on the "three-subject and two-dimension" framework.The emotional response path aims to enhance the government’s positive information to the negative emotions of the society through the improvement of government response effectiveness.In practice,it represents the institutionalization of “central drive--local center” in response to online public opinion,and the platform and team building with equal emphasis on "home-away from home".The dilemma of emotional response path are characterized by insurmountable “response bottlenecks” and their side effects such as “passing and not broadcasting” and increasing negative perception.The emotional prevention and control path aims to reduce the inducing power of social negative emotions through the supervision of the dissemination of bad public opinion information in the network media.In practice,it contains the “rule of law” and “rule of virtue” supervision of limited network media.The dilemma is characterized by "regulatory failure",the “fight between daimon and tao” and the side effects of "reflexion".The emotional counseling path aims to reduce the negative emotions and their spreads caused by problems such as understanding,misunderstanding and trust by correcting the public cognition problem.In practice,it is expressed as the “rule of law” and “rule of virtue” to the limited public cognition.The dilemma of it is "correction of fatigue" and has side effects that "fueling on the fire".In general,the "bottleneck","failure","weakness" and side effects of the three emotional coping paths constitute the systematic dilemma in the current social emotional governance in public online opinion.Finally,the above-mentioned "two causes" have three levels of enlightenment for the government to carry out and effectively realize the social emotional governance.The first is the recognition,direction and limitation of the legitimacy of governance.The "two causes" reveal the "artificial" component of the cause of social emotional problems,the "three loses" situation affected by the problem,and the difficulty of "self-healing" of the problem prospects.It constitutes the justification and legitimacy of the government to govern and dominant it.It also points out the governance direction and boundary of the government’s reference to the “what should be governed” level.The second is the revelation of the misunderstanding of governance.The "two causes" reveal the misunderstanding from the opposite side that social emotional governance needs to get out of the mistakes of antagonistic relation-locating of the government and citizens,idealized goal setting and the involution of strategy.The third is the indication of the direction of the upgrading of the governance strategy,including the concept foundation of “maximum consensus”,the “fact-value” response strategy,and the “couple hardness with softness” prevention and promotion strategy.These three aspects of inspiration provide a new guide for the government to achieve effective governance of social emotion in online public opinion.In general,under the framework of "information asymmetry--negative emotion trend",the generation and governance of social emotion problems in online public opinion are viewed,which provides a new "cognitive map" for identifying and disassembling existing problems in existing research and practice.Taking information asymmetry as the starting point,it helps to lead our attention to the underlying information logic of social emotion evolution and its governance proposition.The system anatomy of the social emotional governance problem in government affairs is realized in a new path of integrating macro and micro vision and integrating interdisciplinary knowledge.On the other hand,it also has great significance to the overall research system of government affairs and network social governance.From the point of government governance practice,systematically discerning the social emotional problem and its governance in the online public opinion under the condition of information asymmetry is conducive to reducing the government’s insufficient attention to the social emotional governance and the problem of inaccurate positioning.It also has great significance for the government to get reflections to the existing tools,practical trends,and find a truly effective governance strategy,which also has implications to promote other network social governance work.For the public,this paper could help them to understand more aspects and "behind the scenes" of online public opinion.On the basis of understanding the government’s response,media reports,their own cognition and the subjective and objective constraints,they coule improve judgment,tolerance and discernment,thus truly improve public literacy,media literacy,and enhancing the ability and consciousness of self-emotional management.In short,social emotional governance is not only related to the effective response of specific online public opinion incidents,but also to the disposal of major issues such as government trust and social order.It is related to the effectiveness of government work and the goodness of public life.It requires systematic treatment and continuous advancement based on fully attention and scientific understanding.