An Effective Path Under The Affecting Factors In Third Language Acquisition

In the late of 1980s,the third language acquisition(TLA)came into being a new research field.Due to the late start,the contents of the TLA research are unevenly distributed and the research methods are simply employed.The main research results are focused on interlingual transfer,and the researches on affecting factors are also involved by some scholars,however,the researches on the combination of affecting factors of the the third language acquisition and language generation path have not been further studied.In the field of the third language acquisition,theoretical research and quantitative empirical research have dominated,and experimental methods are occasionally used.In the past 10 years,although there has being a trend of integration between the social psychology school and the social cultural school in the field of the language acquisition,they still have their own priorities in the research and practice.There exist a lot of factors that may affect TLA,but which among them are the major factors? Which are the controllable factors? Do controllable factors have influence in the same degree on the attainments of TLA? Which factors can predict better results out of TLA? Based on the controllable factors,what are the ways to promote the generation of TLA and optimize the results of TLA? These are the research questions this study is seeking to answer.Taking into the consideration of the characteristics of the research objects,based on the research fruits of the social psychology school and the social culture school,this research brought the background language factors and the cultural identity factors into the research framework of the affecting factors and the third language acquisition.Besides,this study examined the relationships between the affecting factors and variables by means of multivariate analysis and path analysis,and finally constructed an effective generation path model of the third language acquisition with AMOS22.0 on the base of the previous results.This study took 613 trilingual students(ethnic minority students)from five universities(including medical,normal,agricultural,financial and comprehensive universities)in Xinjiang as samples to study the affecting factors and the generation path of trilingual acquisition.On the basis of examining the relevant researches at home and abroad,this paper analyzed the major factors that affect the the third language acquisition of college students in Xinjiang,discussed the variable combination of the controllable affecting factors of learners,and investigated the influence of the factors on the the third language acquisition(L3)of college students in Xinjiang.By the means of statistical analysis,the affecting factors for predicting the achievements of the third language acquisition(L3)are obtained,and the causal path model among the controllable affecting factors was constructed by means of the path analysis of AMOS(Analysis Model of Structural Equation).Finally,on the basis of the above research results,this paper constructed the generation path of TLA,and put it into a teaching practice to test its effectiveness.This study aims to promote the generation of the third language acquisition,optimize the attainments of the third language acquisition,improve the effectiveness of the third language acquisition,provide a theoretical guidance for the third language teachers to improve the teaching effectiveness,and provide effective ways for the third language learners to improve their learning effectiveness.The purpose of this study is to work out an effective generating path of the third language acquisition through the study of the the third language acquisition of the college students in Xinjiang,which is contributing to the improvement of the learning efficiency of the third language or multilingual students and the cultivation of the trilingual or multilingual talents in China.The results of this study not only provide valuable reference for ethnic minority third language learners,but also for the foreign language learners and researchers.This research adopted a combined methods of quantitative research and qualitative research,including literature review,questionnaire survey,in-depth interviews and experiments in teaching practice.The data were processed by SPSS19.0 and AMOS22.0.Logistic modeling method was used to solve the problem of predictive factors in the transformation of language level from "low level" to "high level";analysis of structural equation model was used to clarify the causal relationship between controllable affecting factors,establish the Acquisttion Path Model of the Third Language Acquisition,and test the effectiveness of this model in teaching experiments,which provides reliable data for language teaching reform.The statistical analysis of questionnaire data shows that the controllable factors of TLA in three aspects / six dimensions are in a highly correlated dynamic system,and the changes of any one factor will affect the changes of other factors,thus affecting the state of the whole system and the results of TLA.The relationship between the controllable affecting factors of six dimensions and L3 level is as follows: learning strategy > management strategy > integrative motivation /instrumental motivation > cultural identity > background language factors.Logistic regression analysis shows that instrumental motivation and learning strategies have significant predictive effect on the improvement of L3 level.Therefore,in the basic path,strengthening the four controllable factors,especially the reinforcement learning strategy factors,and adjusting the instrumental motivation factors will bring out better results in TLA.The controllable factors of three aspects / six dimensions have different effects on the generation path of TLA.AMOS structural equation model shows that "cultural identity" directly affects "motivation" and indirectly affects "learner strategy" through the intermediary variable of "motivation";background language "directly affects" motivation "and indirectly affects" learner strategy "through the intermediary variable of" motivation "."Learning strategies" are the direct affecting factors of TLA.According to the generation path model of the third language acquisition constructed in this study,the design idea of teaching experiment is to strengthen emotional factors,increase interest,stimulate motivation factors,optimize learner’s strategic factors,and then expand the effective input of third language;at the same time,strengthen metalanguage awareness,promote the positive transfer of language,optimize the processing mechanism of third language,so as to improve the linguistic ability,and ultimately improve the effect of the third language acquisition.The results of teaching experiments show that the teaching model designed under the guidance of the the third language acquisition path model has a significant impact on promoting the level of the third language acquisition.For a long time,the effectiveness of language acquisition research has been a lack of systematic theories.This study integrates the research results of Cognitive School of language acquisition and socio-cultural school.Combined with the characteristics of the third language acquisition,it integrates the language psychological distance,language transfer awareness and cultural identity of background language factors into the framework of controllable affecting factors of the third language acquisition Based on the basic path of acquisition("language input→language processing→language output"),it strengthens the positive influence of controllable factors,constructs an effective generation path of language acquisition,enriches the theory of the third language acquisition,and provides theoretical basis and empirical reference for improving the effect of the third language acquisition.In the practice of Trilingual Teaching and learning,there are many and complex factors that affect its effect.How to start from and grasp the key points to effectively improve the results of the third language acquisition has always been a puzzle for third language educators and learners.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the role and path of the main affecting factors of TLA,to strengthen the weaknesses,to make up the weaknesses,and to apply the scientific path to guide teaching and learning,so as to avoid the blind investment of various resources.Based on the theories of language model,dynamic system,neurolinguistics and psychology,and the results of data analysis in the three stages of this study,the construction of effective generation path model in TLA emphasizes the positive influence of affective factors on L3 teaching and learning,and comprehensively strengthens the six dimensions of learners’ controllability On the basis of this,it focuses on the adjustment of learners’ learning motivation and the cultivation of learning strategies,so that L3 teaching and learning can be targeted with half the effort.The application of effective generation path can promote the generation of the third language acquisition,optimize the results of the third language acquisition,improve the effect of the third language acquisition,provide theoretical basis and empirical reference for the reform of third language teaching,provide theoretical guidance for third language teachers to improve teaching effect,and provide effective ways for third language learners to improve learning effect.The application of effective generation path in TLA can promote the generation of TLA,optimize the results of TLA and improve the effect of TLA.Since the beginning of language acquisition research,there have been two schools of social psychology and social culture.The study of language acquisition mode has focused on the cognitive and psychological process of learners,while the study of the affecting factors of language acquisition has focused on the relationship between the variables of affecting factors or the effect of affecting factors on the outcome of language acquisition.This study integrates the research results of cognitive psychology school and social culture school,and makes an attempt in an innovation in TLA research in terms of the content and research methods.First of all,this paper reconstructs the controllable variables that influence TLA.Secondly,for the first time,this research studies the relationship between the variables factors of the third language acquisition and the path itself.It adopts the mixed way of the combination of quantitative research and qualitative research,questionnaire survey and individual interview,theory establishment and teaching experiment,and the consideration of large sample survey and typical case study,which enriches the research methods of TLA.