Modernity And Mass Carnival

As a kind of cultural phenomenon,popular carnival is an important research object of contemporary humanities.In the view of ancient and modern comparison,ancient carnival is a necessary frame of reference to understand popular carnival.When Bakhtin's theory of carnival poetics travels around the world and arouses the research upsurge of various subjects,it becomes a new theory perspective to explain such phenomena as modern popular culture and culture on the Internet.However,the existing research has not explored the origin of popular carnival.The time of modernity,from the perspective of modernity time and aesthetics,discusses the modernity essence of the public aesthetic carnival culture since the new century.This study is really a targeted response to the origin of the public aesthetic carnival culture.On the basis of this research,it is necessary to link modernity with popular carnival,deeply explore the internal relationship between modernity time and carnival time,and especially analyze the distinction and opposition between these two kinds of time in modern society,so as to cause the split between public labor time and private leisure time of modern people,and it indicates that modern people are in urgent need to release the huge physical and mental energy accumulated in public labor time and even distort it to vent and revel.In this way,we can answer the question of the origin of public carnival,and then explain the modernity structure and cultural representation of the netizens.This constitutes a new problem domain which is connected by modernity and public carnival.Each chapter of the paper is a specific discussion of the logical development process of this problem,which is mainly divided into six chapters.The introduction mainly clarifies the main problems of the thesis,including the research status,research content,methods,ideas,innovation points,research significance and chapter arrangement.The first chapter is mainly about "public carnival in the history of carnival".It mainly Outlines the history of carnival,that is,the history of carnival terms and the history of carnival activities.Distinguish the ancient witchcraft carnival and folk carnival,modern mass carnival and its latest form of Internet carnival.Analysis of various carnival forms of expression,give the corresponding definition.It also points out the important difference between the ancient carnival and the modern carnival in time(space)concept,thinking characteristics,etc.The second chapter mainly discusses the internal relationship between modernity time and carnival time.The foundation of modernity is its modern time.Modern time benefited from the concept of linear time in judeo-christian culture,and combined with the history of redemption,became the dominant concept in world history.Moreover,the existentialism theory of this linear vector time is based on Marx's "social necessary labor time".In essence,the mainstream of modern time is a linear vector model of time that forgets "the past",rejects "the present" and rushes towards "the future".Therefore,the time of modernity is a linear vector of time that is always accelerating towards the future.Driven by modern time,social necessary labor time is in opposition to its diversified life time,so there is a special distinction and opposition between public labor time and private leisure time in modern society.This division allows time such as private leisure time to emerge as significant moments.Modern people release the physical and mental energy generated by the tension of modernity into a carnivalesque state.As a counterbalance and twist to the linear vector of modern time,carnival time including private leisure time,festival time,game time and art aesthetic time has the significance of modernity.From the internal relation between the modernity time and carnivalesque time,we can explain the modernity characteristic of popular carnival and netizen carnival.The third chapter mainly discusses the relationship between modernity and popular carnival.The reveling public are the product of modernity.A more profound investigation shows that the public become the public only through the experience of modernity in the process of modernization,that is,they have the nature of modernity.Further analysis of the popular psychological structure will find its modernity characteristics.The concept that dominates popular carnival is the opposite experience of many modern times.Pleasure comes from instinct,and may be sublimated to the aesthetic realm,and the aesthetic common sense becomes the medium of popular group,but all these run through the alienated consumption logic.Therefore,popular carnival,on the one hand,shows the positive aesthetic modernity as the pursuit of modernity time;on the other hand,it shows the negative aesthetic modernity as the rejection of modernity time.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the relationship between modernity and netizen carnival.The time of netizen carnival is essentially the time in the virtual reality,and it is a reversible multiple virtual time.On the one hand,it is consistent with the time direction of modernity,thus accelerating towards the "future",shaping modernity psychological structure of netizen.On the other hand,it can reverse the linear time direction of modernity,and become the "present" time that condenses the sense of"future",or return to the "past".Therefore,the psychological structure of carnivalesque netizens is more radical,such as the temperament of endless pursuit,the spirit of rushing to the "future",the hasty reading mentality,indifference and resentment,etc.All of these are represented as the carnival culture of seeking novelty,seeking speed and examining ugliness.carnival of seeking new,carnival of seeking fast and appreciation of ugly.The last chapter mainly discusses the future trend of mass carnival.The guidance of popular carnival still needs to be based on modernization-modernity reform.Only by reversing the direction of mainstream modern time and "reflexive" modernization,can the change of production-life style be realized,so as to break the opposition between social necessary labor time and the life time,and realize the perfect unity of the subject's cognition,will and aesthetics.However,all these guidance and reform methods must be based on Marx's thought of "free time",in order to truly achieve.