Research On The Gu Family In Wuxi And Its Literature In The Qing Dynasty

Gu runzhi was the earliest settler of Gu in Wuxi,he moved his family from the west mountain of Dongting in Suzhou to the Glue mountain in Wuxi.The second and third generation of Gu were Gufu and Gushou,they supported their family depend on farming and they were known for the boldness and loyalty in the town.The fourth generation of Gu is Guxin,he made business as his carrer and lived in Suzhou as a shelter,after a period of time,he moved the family to Wuxi for his son which named Gu maozhang's suppostion,To the sixth generation of Gu,which named Gu kexue,Gu keshi,Gukejiu,were Soholars in successive,at this time,the literary fame of Gu was magnificent and Gu became a big patriarchal clan in Wuxi.To the Q ing dynasty,there were many members and talents of Gu,such as Gu chen,Gu cai,Gu kuiguang,Gu guangxu,Gu han,and so on,they were famous literati or politicians,so Gu still a well-konwn patriarchal clan in Wuxi.Wuxi,with its beautiful scenery,long history,developed education and prosperous culture,provided a good external environment for the survival and development of Gu family.At the beginning of the Qing dynasty,Gu's family had a strong economic strength,but its declined gradually.The members of Gu family are very particular about the courtyard,the layout of the residence,even in the deline of late Q ing dynasty,the residence of their members was simple but still don't lose elegance.In the course of hundreds of years of development,Gu's family formed fine traditions,that was "valuing justice and integrity","honoring filial piety and friendship,stressing propriety ","enjoying mountains and rivers,longing for seclusion",and "studying hard,valuing education,communicating literature",which regulated the behavior of every family member.In the aspect of marriage,Gu's family attached importance to rural marriage and put morality first in the choice of marriage object.In the aspect of official,Gu's family showed certain stage characteristics,the middle of Ming dynasty was the peak period of Gu's family official career,the early Q ing dynasty was the depression period,the middle of Q ing dynasty was the recovering period,from the middle of Q ing dynasty to the end of Q ing dynasty,Gu's family entering the decline period.This phenomenon was closely related to the change of political environment at that time.On the whole,the official position of Gu's family members were generally in low rank.In terms of communication,most members of Gu family in the Q ing dynasty had a large circle of friends,such as Gu cai,Gu kuiguang and Gu minheng.Extensive communication enriched their experience and improved their creative level.In the Q ing dynasty,the members of Gu's family formed some common characteristics in their poetry creation.Their poems reflected the hardships of people's lives and conveyed the pain of the journey.They expressed true temperament in their art,their poem were wateriness and tranquility.Gucai,Gu kuiguang,Gu minheng were writers which having high achievements.Gu cai's poems were deep in purpose and refined in materials.Gu kuiguang's poems were natural and simple in language,wateriness and tranquil.Gu minheng's poems revealed rich expression,rich flavor and long meaning.Their poems had very high artistic value.The prose creation achievements of Gu's family should not be underestimated,such as Gu cai,Gu kuiguang's ancient prose,Gu minheng's parallel prose,which all had a certain influence on the literary world at that time.The Ci creation of Gu's family in Q ing dynasty were well-konwm generation by generation,Gu cai,Gu kuiguang,Gu guangxu,Gu han and Gu ling were important Ci writers in Qing dynasty.Their Ci works were not confined by the mainstream of Times and could be established by themselves,so they had a certain status and influence in the Ci creation of Q ing dynasty.