| In Han dynasty, the Ban's family in Fufeng County was famous with its numerous extraordinary family members who were either good at literature writing or have outstanding martial art reputations. Ban's family has undergone the nation migration, the rise and fall of the family and the subinfeudation of Cuan, and so on, from the downfall of Chu dynasty to the end of Eastern Han dynasty. Ban's family has produced many prominent literary, historical, academic and martial arts figures, in hundreds of years, in which Particularly known as Ban Jieyu, Ban Biao, Ban Gu, Ban Zhao, Ban Yong. Therefore, the Ban's family members have always been studied as a hot issue in academic fields. But seldom studied as a family phenomenon, and hardly in terms of literary family and family literature, which are began in Han dynasty and heated up until the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern dynasties. The ban's family and its literature was a typical phenomenon in Han dynasty, therefore it's available to study Ban's family from this dimension. In view of this, this article from the perspective of literary family and family literature, creating class's evolution as a literary family and its literary features of the family, and in the analysis of the various factors.There is a whole train of thought. First let's textual research Ban's family representative life, collect lost works of Ban's family, make family joint spectrum of Ban's family,and textual research works for years. Second, let's study the formation and evolution of Ban's literary family, the family's start-up and the family situation of Ban's family,and the prominent features of literature of the outstanding features of Ban's family. Then let us explore the interaction between the family, family traditions, academic and literary, and explore the relationship between social background and family,family traditions,academic and literary. The focus of this studies are the literature of Ban's family and the relationship between literature and a variety of external factors. External factors mainly refers to the family, family trait, academic and social background, etc. The focus of literature and culture studies are the prominent features of literature of the outstanding features of Ban's family, and the ideological tendencies of literature, and the start-up of Ban's family. In the specific studies, this article tries to explore a series of problems. But These problems basically revolve around the two groups of problems mentioned above, servicing for the purpose of the paper's research.This paper consists of the introduction and five chapters. The introduction includes the resource and the current situation of the research, as well as the approach and meaning of it.Chapter one is about the development of Ban's family as a literary family. It demonstrate a series of family changes, and the characteristic of it at first, which is including the nation migration, the rise and fall of the family and the subinfeudation of Cuan and so on. Secondly, it generalizes the tradition of the family as accurate and comprehensive as possible.Chapter II is focus on the speculation of the life stories of some of the Ban's family members and the finish time of their works. At first, It elaborate on the birthday and the death day of some Ban's family members such as:Ban Bo, Ban You, Ban Ti, Ban Jieyu, etc, who are studied in the academic field less than other famous family members. Ban Bo was eldest brother in siblings of this four persons, who was born in the second year of Chu Yuan times of emperor Yuan (BC47), and died in the third year of Yuan Yan times of emperor Cheng (BC10). In a word, Ban Bo aged38(actually37). Ban Jieyu was followed, who was born in the third year of Chu Yuan times of emperor Yuan (BC46), and died at about the middle-terms of The Wang Mang's time (during the Phoenix). In a word, Ban Jieyu lived at least62years old. Ban You followed Ban Jieyu, who was born in the fourth year of Chu Yuan times of emperor Yuan(BC45), the same year with Wang Mang but months earlier, and died at the upfront of emperor Ai. In a word, Ban You aged more than40years but less than45years. Ban Ti was one or two years younger than Ban You, who was died in the mid and late times of Wang Mang's times(during the Phoenix and Di Huang).In a word, Ban Ti aged about60years old. Secondly, It correct the mistake that Ban You was recommended as an able and virtuous person in the third year of Jian Shi period (BC30), by Han Shu Bu Zhu. It speculates that the most possible time is in the fourth year of HePing period (BC25). Thirdly, it speculates the copy of the Secretariat of the Royal family which was a great honor and an important academic source to Ban's family. Especially focus on when it was given to Ban You and by which Emperor. Last but not least, it shows the family tree of Ban's family in Han dynasty.Chapter III studied the works of Ban's family members in Han dynasty in terms of the value of literature and arts. It is rare to see female authors in ancient times and hardly have been seen two great female authors came from the same family. Therefore, the four sections in front of this chapter are talking about female authors. At first, it discussed the two main characters of Ban Jieyu's works:woman-specific dependency and the avoidance of sex. And then, it discussed the main characters of Ban Zhao's works:the masculinity of a woman. At last, it contrasts the similarities and the differences between these two female writers. The remained sections of this chapter are focused on other representatives of other writers in Ban's family. For example, the major feature of Ban Bian's work is the conduct of a counselor; rectification of Ban Gu's literary image of "try to please the public", and then analyses Ban Gu's literature character and its causes deeply. Every issue of this chapter is studied comparatively, so as to highlight their individuality and commonness in the literary arts.Chapter IV is a synthesis. This chapter focuses on research on the works of Ban's family members as a whole, from the perspective of the generality and individuality of family, dealing with the mindset in their works. It mainly exist the idea of Confucianism and Taoism, and Confucianism as the dominant ideology, are generally based on Confucian self-cultivation and creation of Confucianism as a world criteria. Most people of Ban's family combined the ideas of Confucianism and Taoism together, and formed by the fusion of Confucianism and Taoism in General courtesy of subordination and self-preservation ideas. But specific cases are varying from person to person. Even if keeping the same thought, they had their own emphases and particular writing styles in their works. Such as whether to use Confucianism to educate their descendants or not, whether to use Taoism to form their own characters and so on.Chapter V is a synthesis too. This chapter focuses on the impact of external factors on literary from a literary perspective, and the relationships, between social background and family,family traditions,academic and literary. It is based on Ban's family, to synthesize the relationships between family and literary&academic, family tradition and academic&literary. Examining the rise and fall history of Ban's family in Han dynasties, it frames the family literature developments and evolutions. It is easy to find that these factors are important starting points to study the Ban's family literature. Because the family fostering the literary, academic and cultural, the literary, academic, cultural benefit the family and their personal development at the same time. Family's rise and fall is very much depends on the contents of the family traditions and the quality of the learning handed down in the family, and which profoundly affect the characters, contents and outlines of the family traditions and the family academic at the same time. The characters, contents and outlines of the Ban's family traditions tend to decide the rise and decline of their family academic and literature, and vice versa. Academic and literature are two similar heterogeneous things. But the Ban's family got a mutual development in both the literature and academic with its unique tradition and unique academic characteristics, which is different from common picture of Han dynasty that the Confucian classics, to some extent, hampered the development of literature. It's visible that if we don't start from the external factors such as the traditions of the family, the academic quality of the family and the writing styles of the family, it's very difficult for us to grasp the familial backgrounds, characteristics, similarities and personalities of Ban's family literature and culture.The main direction for the development of the family, the pursuits of personal, the development of culture and so on, are prescribed by the social background from the macro, just like a total baton. At same time, their every detail are also affected by the social background, just like the rain. So from this perspective, the social background does a certain degree of decisive role on them. But because of their particularity and complexity, the role of the social background on the family tradition, the literature, the academic, is limited. Even if they accept the influence of the social background, and there is also not completely synchronized.So, if we do not study these factors of external factors, just as the social background, the family, the family tradition, the Family academic, and so on, we can't get the really like of the literature of Ban's family, under this "the big article "concept. |
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