A Study On The Vagrancy Narration Of Chinese Novels In The 20th Century

During the development of Chinese literature in the 20 th century,"vagrancy" has become a lingering motif throughout it.Especially in the development of Chinese fiction in the 20 th century,"vagrancy narrative" has become a common narrative mode for writers.Whether it is the realistic description of the narrative subject "body vagrancy" or the revelation of "spiritual vagrancy" within the text,Chinese writers in the 20 th century are actually pursuing a "collective unconscious" spiritual exploration."Where is China going?" "Where are the Chinese going?" It has become an eternal proposition in the heart of the Chinese writers.After the change and transformation of the space-time contexts such as "Enlightenment","Revolution","Anti-Japanese" and "Reform",the vagrancy narrative form of Chinese fiction in the 20 th century has also changed and transformed in the intertextual relationship between the discourse of the times and the creation.In the 1920 s,the discourse of "enlightenment" led to the transformation of Chinese social ideology and culture.The vagrancy narrative of Chinese fiction revolved around the two narrative fields of "exotic country" and "alien township".On the one hand,the early Chinese students studying in Japan felt rootless when they faced the loss of their dignity and the hardship of survival in foreign countries.By exploring the natural desires of the vagrants and externalizing the vagrants’ feelings in the novel texts,the writers studying in Japan highlighted the essential value of "human" and realized the Enlightenment the inherent potential of "human".On the other hand,Some native soil writers’ vagrancy narrative fiction is a enlightenment of rescuing the bondage of the nation in the dimension of " alien township ".The focus of the vagrancy narrative of Native soil writers is to reveal how the decaying factors of feudal autocracy and backward nationalities gradually created these unfortunate vagrants in China’s rural land.By revealing the situation of the vagrants,the writers express their strong criticism of the feudal autocracy and the root of the national inferiority,thus realizing the call and Enlightenment of the consciousness of individual emancipation that has been sleeping for thousands of years.With the ebb of the May 4th Enlightenment Movement,the "revolution" began to influence all strata of the public as the dominant discourse form of Chinese society,and because of its convening role and stimulating effect,it became the potential energy to promote the development of the social movement.Such a modern "revolution" discourse with universal significance has been neutralized by a series of political events,such as the 1911 Revolution,the May 4th Movement and the Northern Expedition War,with the "violence" factor in the traditional revolutionary discourse,thus completing its legitimacy in the social context.The changes in the revolutionary structure and the turn of the revolutionary connotations have made the vagrancy narrative fiction appear different configurations in different time and space contexts of the "national revolution" and the "agrarian revolution." During the period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the mid-1920 s,the discourse of the "National Revolution" era also directly affected the theme of vagrancy narrative and the vagrant trend of the characters.The tortuous vagrant route of the protagonist became the plot of the ultimate realization of the revolution.The "National Revolution" naturally became the destiny and inevitable choice of vagrants.The focus of vagrancy narrative in the context of the "National Revolution" often focuses on accusing the evil of imperialism and the brutality of warlord rule.With the development and mutation of the domestic revolutionary situation,not only the connotation of "revolution" has been adjusted and changed correspondingly,but also the theme of vagrancy narrative has added new qualities in the context of "revolution".The evolution of a series of political events has directly promoted the structural changes of class relations and class forces in China.The narrative key words of the Chinese revolutionary history also changed from the "national revolution" to the "agrarian revolution",so the concept of "class struggle" has gradually emerged from the hidden state of history.The vagrancy narrative is also proletarianized because of the content adjustment of revolutionary literature.Class consciousness becomes a new perspective to dominate the text.The tragic situation of vagrants no longer has the accidental individual characteristics,but the general encounter of the class brothers in a "point-to-face" manner.Therefore,in the reading experience of the text,it is not only the humanistic sympathy,but also the class antagonism and class hatred.The vagrancy narrative has also embarked on the road of excessive political utilitarianism because of trying to emphasize the provocative nature of literature.Although some vagrancy narrative works have tried to reverse this tendency of over-leftism,the main stream of vagrant narrative in the revolutionary context of class analysis is still very obvious,the narrative theme of the "class " of the criticism is often greater than the "anti-imperialist" resistance.After the September 18 th Incident,Northeast China was in a state of political colonization and vagrancy.The splitting of the country,the suffering of the nation and the loss of their homeland have inspired the crisis consciousness of the Chinese people.As a powerful epochal morpheme,anti-Japanese salvation has become increasingly prominent in the process of China’s revolutionary democratization.The discourse of class contradiction tends to weaken in the national crisis,and the discourse of "Anti--Japanese" and saving the nation from extinction for national independence is growing stronger and stronger.The routes and policies of different political parties directly determine the realistic trend of the anti-Japanese discourse in the Chinese society after the September 18 th Incident.After the September 18 th Incident,the writings of Chinese writers also played a role in fueling the spread of the "anti-Japanese salvation" discourse.Among them,the exiled writers in Northeast China were the ones with the most angry feelings and more passionate statements.On the one hand,the aggressiveness of Japanese imperialism made it difficult for some Northeast writers who had made a living and studied inside the Shanhaiguan Pass before the September 18 th Incident to return home.On the other hand,the colonial policy of Japanese imperialism forced the patriotic and progressive writers from the Northeast enter inside the Shanhaiguan Pass after the September 18 th Incident.The geopolitical sentiments and the common national mission make the vagrancy narrative novels of these exiled writers show the obvious regional style and contemporary style.On July 7,1937,the "Lugouqiao Incident" broke out,and China’s Anti-Japanese War entered a stage of comprehensive anti-Japanese war.Revealing the trauma caused by Japanese aggressors on the land of China and describing the exiled people in the war have become the focus of Chinese writers in this period.The vagrancy narrative in the novel has become a common way for writers to reflect the reality of the Anti-Japanese War and accuse Japanese aggressors of their crimes.During the period of the comprehensive anti-Japanese war,the creative vision of the exiled writers in Northeast China was more open.The scope of the hero’s exile in the novel is no longer confined to a corner of the Northeast of China,but extends the character’s vagrancy to other areas of the vast land of China.The vagrancy narrative transformation of the novels of the exile writers in the Northeast is also reflected in the changes in the social class in the group of vagrants.The social class members who were criticized in the social revolution and depreciated in literary creation have also become unfortunate members of the exile group.The writer’s discovery of the exile of class members including the landlord and his description of the anti-Japanese war have played a role in propaganda and mobilization for the anti-Japanese sentiment of a wide range of social strata.After a decade of catastrophe in the "Cultural Revolution",Chinese society has entered a new era of "reform and opening up".Literature began to release the "instrumental" function of excessive ideology,while the pioneering literature focused on "text experiments" appeared at this time.As a narrative type often described in avant-garde fiction,"vagrancy" achieves the purpose of experimenting with the form of Avant-garde Fiction with its alternative narrative style and Avant-garde discourse system.The explanatory mode of "presenting the complex and changeable society through what miserable and tortuous vagrant stories" that writers used to entangle was replaced by the narrative mode of "how to arrange narrators to tell vagrancy stories to realize the multiple care of texts".So the vagrancy narrative has completed the transformation from "what type of vagrancy stories" to " how to write vagrancy stories".With the gradual increase of the market’s radiation to society,the penetration of the market to the literary has also deepened."Market" has gradually become a powerful discourse logic of literary narrative,especially for the transformation of vagrancy narrative content has formed an invisible dominant force.In the vagrancy narrative,whether it is the identification of vagrants or the presentation of values,they are deeply imprinted with the "market".With the gradual deepening of market economic reforms in the early 1990 s,under the smashing of materialism and money worship,moral decay and spiritual loss seem to be a necessity.Feeling the anxiety of "the world is getting worse" and the unique sense of responsibility of intellectuals,scholars began to discuss and dialogue about "humanistic spirit".In the context of cultural conservatism,there are two completely opposing literary views of writers in the literary world,and unusually different narrative modes in literary expression.On the one hand,the vagrancy narrative shows strong moral idealism,and the intellectual’s unique anxiety and disappointment about the decline and lack of humanistic spirit.On the other hand,through vagrancy narrative,the "hypocrisy" of traditional morality and the "responsibility" of intellectuals are deconstructed and dispelled,and the "lofty ideal" is questioned and rejected.If the vagrancy narrative text form of Chinese novels in the 20 th century changes due to the change of external context,then the narrative structure of the "harmony and difference" within the text has produced dialogue because of the transmigration across time and space.In the 20 th century Chinese vagrancy narrative novels,Chinese writers mainly shaped two groups of vagrants and vagrant women in terms of the construction of characters.The images of vagrants occupy a dominant position in the pictures of vagrants because of their large number and complex personality.The different time and space backgrounds of the creation of the works and the differences of the writers’ ideals make the tramps present extremely complex personality characteristics.On the one hand,Chinese writers focus on describing the struggle and struggle of these vagrants at the bottom of society for survival and development,as well as their perseverance and perseverance in dignity and belief,showing their enterprising personality characteristics.These enterprising vagrants rely on the writers’ literary expectations of fighting against social injustice and highlighting the ideal of life.On the other hand,vagrants enjoy the joy of life because they get rid of the restriction of traditional ethical values in vagrancy,and feel the vitality of wildness in the vastness of heaven and earth.Although vagrant days drift around and have no place to live,they are optimistic and comfortable,full of satisfaction for the status quo of life and the enjoyment of life in front of them,showing the personality characteristics of comfortable and enjoyable.In the characters who enjoy themselves,it shows the writer’s yearning and desire for the good social health of human nature.In the 20 th century Chinese vagrancy narrative novels,vagrant women have important cultural significance and literary value because of their communication and collision with "male chauvinism discourse".Women’s physiological structure,social identity and many other unfavorable factors make women more vulnerable to the hardships and sufferings of survival in vagrancy.Faced with the traveling misfortune and challenges,these vagrant women also show contradictory personality characteristics: on the one hand,they show the generosity and kindness of the "mother of the earth",on the other hand,they show the madness and arrogance of the "witch".If the " mother of the earth " type of the vagrant woman in the narration of Chinese writers still has the ethical norms and value presuppositions of patriarchal culture on women,then the image of the writers shaping the "witches" type of vagrant women have completely reversed the traditional male rights discourse through dissolute behavior and the mad and independent character.In the 20 th century Chinese vagrancy narrative novels,natural scenes have become an important node of vagrants’ life journey and pursuit."Nature" refers not only to the physical scene of real life,but also to a metaphor of value in the spiritual field.Traveling in natural scenes has become a manifestation of the vagrant’s personality and a symbol of homeland aspiration."Nature",on the one hand,obtains a noble value because of its inclusiveness.On the other hand,it also obtains valuable meanings because it is profound and vague.Vagrants’ different pursuits of nature also reflect different value orientations.Some try to derive the primitive power of life from the "desolate wilderness".Some seek the spiritual freedom of free personality from the "poetic wilderness".Others realize the test of faith through the "treacherous journey".The interaction between these vagrants and vagrant scenes not only reveals the differences in the background of the times,but also reflects the different ideals of the author’s life.In the vagrancy narrative novels of Chinese novels in the 20 th century,tragic aesthetic forms are presented through the struggle and confrontation of the vagrants in the vagrancy scenes.On the one hand,the fickleness of fate,the inhumanity of society and the infinity of desire constitute the difficult plight of human existence.The narrative of vagrants expresses humane sympathy and compassion for those who are in trouble by writing about the struggle and fall of vagrants in these plights.On the other hand,the vagrants in the vagrancy narrative create a sense of tragic beauty by "powerful and vigorous way" : "powerful" conveys the heroic expression of life of the vagrancy when they resist suffering and persecution,while "vigorous" demonstrates the persistent spiritual charm of the vagrants when they pursue faith and love.The powerful life and vigorous spirit superimpose the tragic beauty of the vagrant subject’s unyielding resistance and persistent pursuit in the miserable environment.The vagrancy narrative of Chinese fiction in the 20 th century depicts the psychological fission track of Chinese people in the context of the 20 th century’s evolution,and realizes the cultural docking with the modern discourse of the world.From the perspective of vagrancy narrative,we can not only peep at the cultural choice and the memory of the times of the Chinese people,but also examine the evolution and construction strategies of Chinese fiction in the 20 th century from a new dimension.In the 20 th century,Chinese writers realized the interaction with the key discourse nodes in the 20 th century through literary treatment in the novel vagrancy narrative,and completed the epochal record of national experience psychology.The Chinese expectation and satisfaction for the "homeland" can be imagined and constructed in the vagrancy narrative novels.From this point of view,the vagrancy narrative of Chinese novels in the 20 th century not only has an indispensable aesthetic value in the history of Chinese literature in the 20 th century,but also has academic significance that cannot be ignored in the history of Chinese thought in the 20 th century.