Study On Literary Psychology In The New Period

In the early 1980s,the Chinese literature and art psychology was reconstructed,and in the following twenty or thirty years,it has been greatly developed and finally formed four major research paradigms:scientism,humanism,aestheticism,and ecologicalism,that are useful attempts and remarkable achievements in literary research methodology.The reconstruction of literature and art psychology in the new period has a more complicated background.On the one hand,the major readjustment of the literature and art policy at the national level provided the ideological foundation and political guarantee for the reconstruction of the literary and artistic psychology in the new period;on the other hand,the theoretical contends that began in the new period provided the theoretical basis and methods for that including as follows:the discussion of "law of literary and art" led people to pay attention to the rules of creation,internal rules,and aesthetic laws of literature and art;the discussion of "common beauty" and "the theory of human nature"discussed the physiological and psychological basis of the aesthetic activities of literature and art,prompting people to pay attention to of writers and characters;the discussion of"image thinking" made people realize that it is necessary to use literary psychology to solve the key issues of literary and artistic creation.Scientism is the first methodological form of literature and art psychology in the new era.Jin Kaicheng used cognitive psychology and physiological psychology for reference,proposing "self-conscious representational movement","talking from the brain" and"subjective and objective unification" and other propositions,which opened up a literary psychology of scientific orientation.Li Qiaoli introduced the physiology method and made a new interpretation of the aesthetic core issues such as "non-utilitarian" aesthetics.On this basis,he proposed two aesthetic physiology themes of "Jiebian(??)Law" and"Leviation Law".Li Zhihong who has a consciousness of scientism methods in the study of literary psychology established "cognitive aesthetics" through the introduction of modern cognitive science,and put forward propositions such as "form perception" and"cognitive module theory".Humanism is the second methodology of the psychology of literature and art in the new era.In Jin Kai-cheng's scientism of literary psychology,there are already sprouts of humanism,which are manifested in the emphasis on the "subjectiveness" and"emotionality" of literary activities.Liu Zaifu took "the aestheticization of the inner world" as the supreme law of the aesthetics of the novel and the characters,and derived the"principle of double-combination of character",demonstrating the subjectivity of literary objects.Lu Shuyuan opened the channel among literature,psychology and human studies and used human studies as an intermediary linking literature and psychology to highlight the status and role of the creative subject.Lu Junhua affirmed the irrational psychological factors such as subconsciousness,passion and metamorphosis,and proved that humans must release nature and express feelings freely,thus establishing the emotionality of literary aesthetic activities.Aestheticism is the third methodological form of literature and art psychology in the new period.In the early 1980s,Qian Zhongwen and Wang Yuanxiang made use of the theories and methods of literary psychology to propose the aesthetic reflection theory,and to correct the traditional reflection theory.In the middle and late eighties,the aesthetic experience(????)became an important concept of aesthetic psychology,taken by Hu Jingzhi,Tong Qingbing,Wang Yichuan and others as the core concept to establish a new branch of aesthetics,or update the original concept of aesthetics.Ye Lang,Hu Jingzhi,Wang Yuxiong and others studied the aesthetic yixiang(????)from the perspective of literary psychology,and put forward the "art noumenon","perceptual world","aesthetic intention","yixiang thinking(????)","aesthetic physical image","perceptual image"and "imaginativeness image"and other propositions.Ecologicalism is the fourth methodological tendency of literature and art psychology in the new era.Lu Junhua introduced ecologicalism into the study of literary psychology earlier,and formed a series of literary psychology propositions with vivid ecological traits,such as "emotional nature","the fusion of outside world and ego" and "enlarged sympathy ".Lu Shuyuan who tried to solve the human ecological crisis from the perspective of literary psychology,advocated the establishment of "spiritual ecology",and demonstrated the spiritual ecological value of literature and art through propositions such as“high-level operation of low-material energy" and "extensive weak effect".Zeng Yongcheng established the ecological nature of the aesthetic activities of literature and art through the rhythm induction,and put forward the newly ecologically literary psychology proposition such as "the interaction and integration of body and mind".Looking at historical achievements,the literature and art psychology of the new era was self-contained,with a high completion of disciplinary and theoretical studies,maintaining the vitality of the discipline through changes in methodology and playing a long-term positive role in the development of contemporary literary studies.In view of the shortcomings,the literary psychology in the new era still has many problems in terms of the nature of the discipline and research ideas,including:the philosophical aesthetics and psychological aesthetics dispute,the natural science and human science dispute,the literary research and psychological research dispute.The literary psychology in the new era will gain inspiration of future developments from these disputes,and continue its academic life.