A Study On Dynamic Relation Between Modern Education And Huaju(1896—1935)

Taking ’modern education’ as the angle,this thesis tries to answer that to what extent and in which way has ’modern education’ promoted the growth of ’Huaju’.Or it can be expressed in this way:the historical forming process of Huaju in modern China in which aspects and to what extent can be attributed to the power of modern education?The thesis is divided into five chapters.The proposition of chapter one is ’returning to school:the prospect of Xinju’.This chapter aims to study that:in the initial stage of Xinju,how can it be made to firm foundation and take root and sprout in direct face with environment of ’politics’and ’market’?This requires a historic intermediary,a breeding ’socio-cultural space’.The socio-cultural space which qualifies this historical condition is:the area exploited by the construction of modern education in China.The cultural features of modern education provide internal driving force for the comprehensive upgrade of all the components of Xinju.In other words,in the initial stage of development of Huaju,it is a historic choice that Xinju has to complete its main construction in the modern education system.The proposition of chapter two is from ’female players’to ’female actresses’.This chapter aims to study that:the creator of Chinese drama changes from ’actor or actress’ to ’intellectual’;this significant historical turning point to entire history of Chinese drama is most vividly reflected on the identity shift of female artist;Huaju,as an art form,requires appearance of female actress from the aspect of fundamental character.The main dynamic mechanism which contributes to this shift is:the source of ’female actress’ is ’female student’ who accepts modern education.From rooting in new-style schools to gradually entering into modern professional education system,Huaju becomes one of the driving forces for this evolution.The proposition of chapter three is ’rise of dramatic criticism’.This chapter aims to study that:criticism of traditional opera cannot fully judge and discuss the Xinju,which has its own aesthetic approach and evaluation criterion.In observing the rising process of dramatic criticism in the area of Xinju,it is necessary to depict the construction process of dramatic criticism,as a new literary form,in the meantime,it is necessary to reveal the knowledge accumulation process from ’Xinju’ to ’Huaju’and its underlying institutional motivating factor.Connecting the construction of literary form of dramatic criticism and systematization of dramatic knowledge can reflects historical role of modern education which acts as dynamic mechanism.’Huaju entering into modern education system as ’knowledge’ necessarily means that it will be redefined and planned by people of knowledge who acquire knowledge.One form of this redefinition and planning is:rise and forming of literary form of dramatic criticism.The proposition of chapter four is taking ’Tsinghua University’ as an example,discussing ’university culture’ formed in Chinese modern history of Huaju.This chapter aims to study that:drama activity of Tsinghua University acts as one of the most important practice of histrionism of modern university;deeply analyzing it can not only confirm the function and influence of Chinese modern university on development of Huaju,but also can further conclude that:there exists a ’university culture’in Chinese modern history of Huaju.The historic value of proceeding drama education and promoting drama activity in university towards Huaju is:the academic orientation of proceeding academic research to drama can establish theoretical system of Huaju;what’s more,in the cultural space of university,’form exploring’ and’human nature inquiring’ on the inside and the outside of aesthetic pursuit not only reach the highest standard of Huaju in the aspect of creation,but also greatly promote the growth of Huaju.The proposition of chapter five is ’out of school:destiny of Xinju’.This chapter aims to study that:the end stage of modern education’s dominant historical effect on Huaju,and why.Modern education’s most important effect on Huaju is prompting the first separation of Huaju:that is,between modern and traditional---in this separation,Huaju constructs its own artistic expression(the modern dramatic form which takes realism and individualism as the fundamental characteristics).Modern education has no longer played a dominant historic role in Huaju.The most important reason is that when comes to 1935,the development of Huaju has went to the historical stage of’professionalism of histrionism’.During the walking towards historical stage of professionalism of histrionism,Huaju faces its second separation:that is,between system of professionalism and national control.However,the dynamic mechanism which promotes the completion of separation is no longer the modern education.