| Purpose: To investigate the performance characteristics of 114 items in 10 dimensions including hair,eyes and ears,saliva,bone and teeth of healthy people and explore the differences and evolution of healthy volunteers of different ages and genders between 9-70 years old.To reveal the external signs and regularity of “ Human's development relies on kidney” and provide theoretical support for theory of “kidney storing essence” and treatment of kidney-related diseases.To provide guidance for disease prevention and health care of healthy population.Material and method: Theoretical research: By means of theoretical research,this paper probes into the origin and flow of ancient literature,including the occurrence and evolution rules of this theory in various historical periods.Starting from the relationship between each stage of generating-growing-prime-aging and the essence and qi of kidney,this paper analyzes the influence of the essence and qi of kidney on the beginning of life,growth and development,aging,and confirms the different effects of the essence and qi of kidney on each stage of human body,and further clarifying the theoretical significance of “Human's development relies on kidney”.Epidemiological investigation: From December 2010 to August 2013,the research team investigated 922 healthy people in Tianjin,Shanghai,Shenyang.The questionnaire involved 114 items of human health,which were divided into 10 dimensions: hair,saliva,eyes and ears,bone and teeth,limbs and muscles,skin,excretory organs and functions,reproduction,intelligence and other symptoms.The trained clinicians or TCM teachers collected information from the subjects using the epidemiological questionnaire of “Human's development relies on kidney”(for 9-70 years old).SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.Means ± standard was used to describe measurement data,and Games-Howell method was used for multiple comparisons among different age groups.T test was used for the comparison between different genders.Factor analysis was used to compare items.Spearman correlation was used to calculate the correlation between the dimensions.Results: 1.The change trend of outward signs of healthy male population of all age phases of “generating-growing-prime-aging”.All the male dimensions showed a decreasing trend with age,and the bottom value appeared in over 65 years old population.The peak value of hair dimension appeared in the age group of 9-16 years old,compared with that of 9-16 years old,the values of 25-32 years old,33-40 years old,41-48 years old,49-56 years old,57-64 years old and above 65 years old decreased significantly(P < 0.05).The peak value of bone and tooth dimension appeared in the group aged 17-24 years,which was significantly lower than that in the group aged 33-40 years,41-48 years,49-56 years,57-64 years and above 65 years(P < 0.05).The peak value of salivary dimension appeared in the group aged 9-16 years,and it decreased in the group aged 57-64 years compared with the group aged 9-16 years(P < 0.05).The peak of the dimension of eyes and ears appeared at the age of 9-16 years,which was significantly lower than that of the group aged 49-56 years,57-64 years and over 65 years(P < 0.05).The peak of limb muscle dimension appeared in the 41-48 year old group,which was significantly lower than that in the 41-48 year old group(P < 0.05).The peak value of skin dimension appeared in the group aged 9-16 years old,compared with the group aged 9-16 years old,the group aged 49-56 years old,the group aged 57-64 years old,and the group aged over 65 years old decreased significantly(P < 0.05).The peak value of reproductive dimension appeared in the 33-40 year-old group,which was significantly lower than that in the 33-40 year-old group(P < 0.05).The peak value of excretory organs and functions dimension was found in the group aged 9-16 years,which was significantly decreased in the group aged 57-64 years(P < 0.05)compared with the group aged 9-16 years(P < 0.05).The peak of intelligence dimension occurred in the age group from 9 to 16.Compared with the group aged 9-16,the group aged 57-64 and over 65 decreased significantly(P < 0.05).2.The change trend of outward signs of healthy female population of all age phases of “generating-growing-prime-aging”.The overall trend of females in all dimensions decreased with age,with the bottom value appearing in the group over 64 years old.The peak of hair dimension appeared in the group aged 15-21 years old,compared with the group aged 15-21 years old,there were significant decreases in the groups aged 29-35 years old,36-42 years old,43-49 years old,50-56 years old,57-63 years old and over 64 years old(P < 0.05).The peak value of bone and tooth dimension appeared in the 9-14 years old group,compared with the 9-14 years old group,the values of 36-42 years old group,43-49 years old group,50-56 years old group,57-63 years old group,and 64 years old group decreased significantly(P < 0.05).The peak of salivary dimension appeared in the groups of 9-14 years old,15-21 years old and 29-35 years old,and was significantly decreased in the groups of 50-56 years old and 57-63 years old(P < 0.05)compared with the groups of 9-14 years old and 15-21 years old(P < 0.05).Compared with the group aged 29-35,the ages of 50-56,57-63 and over 64 decreased significantly(P < 0.05).The peak of the dimension of eyes and ears appeared in the group aged 9-14 years old,compared with the group aged 9-14 years old,the values of group aged 22-28 years old,group aged 29-35 years old,group aged 36-42 years old,group aged 43-49 years old,group aged 50-56 years old,group aged 57-63 years old and group aged over 64 years old decreased significantly(P < 0.05).The peak value of limb muscle dimension appeared in the group aged 9-14 years,which was significantly decreased in the group aged 57-63 years and the group aged over 64 years(P < 0.05)compared with the group aged 9-14 years.The peak value of skin dimension appeared in the group aged 9-14 years,compared with the group aged 9-14 years,significantly decreased in the groups aged 36-42 years,43-49 years,50-56 years,57-63 years,and over 64 years(P < 0.05).The peak value of excretory organs and functions dimension was found in the group aged 9-16 years,which was significantly decreased in the group aged 57-64 years(P < 0.05)compared with the group aged 9-16 years(P < 0.05).The peak of intelligence dimension occurred in the age group from 9 to 16.Compared with the group aged 9-16,the number of patients aged 57-64 and over 65 decreased significantly(P < 0.05).3.Differences in the changes of male and female outward signs in all age phases of “generating-growing-prime-aging”.The skin of males was significantly higher than that of females in the groups of 30-39 years old and 40-49 years old(P < 0.05).The intelligence of male 30-39 years old group was significantly higher than that of female(P < 0.05).Other symptoms of male were significantly higher than female in groups of 20-29 years old,30-39 years old,40-49 years old and over 60 years old(P < 0.05).The male reproduction was significantly higher in the groups of 9-19 years old,20-29 years old,30-39 years old,40-49 years old and 50-59 years old(P < 0.05).4.In the process of “generating-growing-prime-aging”,the symptoms of the rise and fall of kidney essence and qi in different healthy people are fully reflected.The syndromes that fully reflect the rise and fall of kidney essence and qi during the process of “generating-growing-prime-aging” in males were screened out,including 23 syndromes,which were in order of importance as follows: Tooth loss,hyposexuality,loose teeth,alopecia,limited waist movement,thinning hair,asynodia,limited neck movement,white hair,premature ejaculation,limited knee movement,dry hair,spiritilessness,asthenia,tooth gloss,forgettery,dry skin,shortness of breath,sagging skin,coldness in waist,dribble of urine,presbyopia,deafness.Among them,the prominent signs are tooth loss,hyposexuality,loose teeth,alopecia,limited waist movement,thinning hair,asynodia,limited neck movement.The syndromes that fully reflect the rise and fall of kidney essence and qi during the process of “generating-growing-prime-aging” in females were screened out,including 19 signs,according to the importance of: menarche age,menstrual texture,menstrual color,white hair,hyposexuality,sagging skin,dry hair,age of menopause,presbyopia,loose teeth,limited knee movement,thinning hair,splash on the back of hand,limited knee movement,tooth loss,facial splash,alopecia,tooth gloss,coldness in waist.Among them,the prominent signs are menarche age,age of menopause,white hair,hyposexuality,sagging skin,dry hair,presbyopia,loose teeth.Regardless of the gender difference,the syndromes that fully reflect the rise and fall of kidney essence and qi during the process of “generating-growing-prime-aging” in healthy population were screened out,including 22 syndrome,according to the importance of: white hair,dry hair,strain capacity,sagging skin,thinning hair,loose teeth,saliva,despondency,presbyopia,computing power,tooth gloss,splash on the back of hand,irritability,eye sight,alopecia,deafness,imagination,tooth loss,facial splash,salivary,coldness in waist,tinnitus. Among them,the prominent signs are white hair,dry hair,strain capacity,sagging skin,thinning hair,loose teeth,saliva,despondency.5.The physiological dimensions of SF-36 health questionnaire were correlated with the dimensions of hair,bone and teeth,ears and ears,muscles of limbs,skin,eryin and defecation,reproduction,intelligence and other symptoms of the TCM scale.This explains why the change trend of physical functioning,bodily pain,general health is similar to that of all dimensions in the TCM survey scale.Conclusion: 1.The theory of “Human's development relies on kidney” was based on Qin and Han dynasties,enriched in Jin,Sui and Tang dynasties,further developed in Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,gradually became systematic and perfect in Ming and Qing dynasties and innovated in contemporary and modern times.The theory of “Human's development relies on kidney” has been emphasized by medical experts in the past for its emphasis on the importance of essence and qi in the kidney to each stage of life.2.At each stage of “generating-growing-prime-aging”,the trends of hair,bone and teeth,eyes and ears,saliva,limb muscles,skin,excretory organs and functions,reproduction,intelligence,other signs of males and females are basically consistent with the theoretical model of "rising period-plateau period-falling period" of kidney essesce,which provides a reference for the theory of traditional Chinese medicine that " Human's development relies on kidney " by means of epidemiology.3.The dimension that best reflects the difference between males and females in the process of “generating-growing-prime-aging” is the reproduction.4.In the process of “generating-growing-prime-aging”,the external signs that can best reflect the rise and fall of essence and qi in male kidney are tooth loss,hyposexuality,loose teeth,alopecia,limited waist movement,thinning hair,asynodia,limited neck movement.The external signs that can best reflect the rise and fall of essence and qi in female's kidney are menarche age,age of menopause,white hair,hyposexuality,sagging skin,dry hair,presbyopia,loose teeth.When gender differences are not taken into account,the external signs that best reflect the rise and fall of essence and qi in the kidney of healthy people are white hair,dry hair,strain capacity,sagging skin,thinning hair,loose teeth,saliva,despondency.5.The dimensions of hair,bone and teeth,eyes and ears,limb muscles,skin,genital organs and excretion,reproduction,intelligence and other symptoms in the TCM questionnaire are correlated with the physical function,bodily pain and general health dimensions in the SF-36 health questionnaire,which can well reflect the physiological changes in stages of “generating-growing-prime-aging”. |
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