The Literature Anthropology Study Of Huangdi Internal Classic

The beginning of Chinese medicine is an enigma.As any skills in ancient time,it couldn't be an independent proposition.It is an organic composition of early civilization.Therefore,in order to understand the beginning of Chinese medicine,the basic premise of this study is on the Great Tradition of Chinese civilization.Another reason of the argument of Chinese medicine's beginning is the absence of the early text.As an ancient skill,healing develops at the almost same pace with human.It presented in full of variety before the creation of the characters.In all Chinese medical materials,Huangdi Internal Classic is the earliest complete medical book which has been remained until now.It shows the mainstream medical ideology during Warring States and Qin-Han period systematically.It was in the same background as the hundred schools of thought and affected by them.Vice versa,it affected the development of Chinese philosophy.Many achievements in the study of Huangdi Internal Classic have been reached the consensus,such as the background of the book compiling,the main ideology,the guiding function to Chinese medicine,even a series of political metaphor by the body symbolic.In addition,with the flourish of archaeology,anthropology,ethnography and other academic research in China,the new come out materials and the heritages have proved each other.Some ancient books cited in Huangdi Internal Classic have seemed to be appeared.The comparative study between traditional medical theory and other materials has been regarded valuable gradually.This study is supported by the progress of academic above hugely.This study focuses on the literature anthropology part of Huangdi Internal Classic.By means of disclosing the veil named “myth” on early traditional medicine,the study tries to pry into the internal motivation of Chinese medical culture progressive steps and the interaction with Chinese culture otherwise.Literature anthropology makes attempts to compare the documentary reports,the living culture and the archaeological objects unearthed in order to form the multiple evidence chain to explain history instead of the weak evidence.By carrying on the other scholars' creative thinking,the study of literature anthropology has taken the shape of theories and methods of “Great-small Tradition”,“Quadruple Evidence Act” and “Level N Coding”.These methodologies are all adoptive in this study.In the meantime,this study considers the “literature healing” is a treasure of traditional medicine which has been kept until now.On account of the undivided between the beginning of medicine and great traditional culture,the “grand literature” as the part of culture and the healing as the skill cannot be separated,either.The western postmodernism has profound rethought the modernity for more than half a century and proposed the significant opinion of taking a new look of the traditional culture.Medicine is one of the most important carriers in this introspection when it could win some support in the texts of Huangdi Internal Classic 2000 years ago.The emphasis of this study's observation is the relevance between traditional medicine and Chinese civilization.The manifestation mode is to demonstrate the Huangdi Internal Classic and its representative medicine as the organic part of Chinese traditional civilization.By adopting the “Quadruple Evidence Act” via the evidences of handed-down documents,characters,archeology materials,living culture,etc.,this study discusses a few classic concepts in the traditional medicine: Tao,Yin Yang,Qi,Wind,Shen Ming,the metaphors of human body,sacred number Five,witched-treating(Zhu You),and the role of You Xiong Family which Huangdi played in early civilization and the belief systems.Here is the summary.In the discussing of “Tao” and “Yin Yang”,it takes the “return to the womb” in Taoism theory as the important understand path.The prototype of Tao is the induced myth.The characters of Yin and Yang contain the meaning of reproduction.It reveals the ancient life trace of “oviparity-mother birth-return to the womb” and infers the sociological evolvement path of “Chaos myth-goddess myth-paternity myth.”The cognition to Qi starts from the “Creation Myth”.The evolution of the characters of Qi records the sacrificial ceremonies and the religion ceremonies which are still remained in the minorities.Qi is the imaginary carrier in God-man communication so that the jade clothes,nine orifices plugs,jade Bi and the rice-grain patterns on Bi all show the applying of Qi in ancient times.In classic Chinese literature,“Feng”(wind)has the effect of moving the world.The “Feng” found on oracle inscriptions and classic literatures undoubtedly emerges divinity.The symbolic system of “Feng” includes phoenix,the four-square wind and the four-square divinity.The conception of “Feng” has been used extensively in the thinking mode of adopting symbols.Even science was sprouted combined with divining compass and astronomy compass in the West Han Dynasty.The medical nomenclature of “Shen Ming” shows the secret society in the medical education in old times.The text “Tai-yi-sheng-shui” from Guodian Chu Slips indicates “Shen Ming” is the God actually in Chinese culture creation myth.In the perspective of characters evolution,the combination of Shen and Ming plays the sacred role which constructs universe and represents the power of heaven and earth.Bodies and politics symbolize each other commonly in traditional medicine.The character's structure of “De(morality)” releases the relevance between the internal “Xin(mind)” and the external “Dao-de(morality)”.In the research of medical history,the documents about leprosy keep a record of the echo with the stigmatization and extension of body.In archaeology materials,the jade clothes discovered in Han Dynasty tombs reached the peak of seeking the morality achievements.“Five” is not only a sacred number,but also a number of vita in traditional medicine.It is sovereign with the representation of center.This study thinks its sovereign comes from the creation myth about “four pillars bracing sky”.Its center symbolic was formed by divined ropes crossing.In the folk custom rites,Dragon Boat Festival is a time node of Qi between Yin and Yang.It implies the dual pattern of water and fire.The jade turtle and jade document came up in Linjiatan were speculated by scholars as the Hetu Luoshu.They embodied the trait of center “Five” as well.The ancient “Zhu You” is usually considered as a way of emotion therapy.Combined with human sacrifice decapitation,skull goblets,skull fete and mythical creature devourer on bronze wares in prehistoric and Yin-Zhou period,it shows that skull is the core of bearing human vital essence and soul.The purpose of Zhu You is to shift the vital essence.So the understanding of making essence up to brain(Huan-Jing-Bu-Nao)in Taoism health preservation is a kind of help to restore the Zhu You skill.Furthermore,as the nominal author of Huangdi Internal Classic,Huangdi was the unconscious continue of the worship to You Xiong Family.The conception about “Yin Yang”,“San Yin San Yang(three Yin and three Yang)” are all related to the worship to bears(You Xiong).Bear was one of the important divine animals in prehistorical time.Chu Silk Manuscript,Chu Bamboo slips recorded the gradual conjunction of bear and emperor.The simulate bear excises,such as “Xiong-Jing-Niao-Shen”,is the “small tradition” in “great tradition”.The jade and bronze wares which were modeling bears move forward a step of proving the relationship between bears and the great vitality.In a word,the traditional medicine history included in Huangdi Internal Classic integrates deeply with Chinese civilization.The time span and the material breadth of medicine origin inspection can be expanded enormously from the perspective of great tradition.From today's perspective,mistakes can be found everywhere in Huangdi Internal Classic.But its holistic ideology in traditional medicine deserves to be respected.If the non-medicine value couldn't be discharged from Huangdi Internal Classic,this book would descend to meaningless historic texts by the criticism from modern medicine.As a result,the expected contribution to intellectual history studying would be covered up.Up to this day,the myth of healing remains lasting.Understanding past is for facing the future better.Before totally solving the fear of death,the demand of healing will go with the entire life of human.In the pursuing progress of medicine,people need to review the history and seek after the maturing of life EQ.It is the wish of this study.