Social Network And Structural Equation Model Were Used To Explore The Association Between Risk Factors Of Chronic Diseases

Object To investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases and its risk factors among residents aged 18 years and over by monitoring the risk factors of chronic diseases in Hubei Province, to quantify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and risk factors affecting chronic diseases and their impact on pathways and effects of chronic diseases, to explore the feasibility of using the structural equation model to the analyze the influencing factors of chronic disease, And to explore the influence of dietary factors on chronic diseases from the experimental point of view, also to provide the basis for health promotion strategies of behavioral risk factors and distal social and environmental factors in the etiology of chronic diseases.The specific objectives are:(1) To understand the basic situation of rural residents central region, including the prevalence of main chronic diseases, self-reported health status, social economic characteristics, behavior risk factors epidermal situation and the distribution of health care behavior;(2) To find out affecting factors and association between chronic disease;(3) To quantify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and behavioral risk factors affecting chronic diseases and their impact on pathways and effects of chronic diseases;(4)To explore the preventive effect of functional components (Lycium barbarum polysaccharides) in traditional food on chronic diseases;(5)To provide recommendations for the development of health promotion-related strategies for the prevention and control of chronic diseases;Methods In this study, multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to selected subject according to the level of economic and social development and regional characteristics. Hubei Province is divided into three regions according to its geographical location:Eastern, Central and Western, one city was randomly selected from each region, then four townships and four sub-districts were randomly selected from each city; two villages (communities) were selected randomly from each township (sub-districts),100 households were selected from each village (community), and all the residents aged 18 and over in the households were interviewed, if the villages (communities) were less than 100 households, there would be an addition according to same conditions. Total 9800 people from 4750 families were included. Questionnaires were used to investigate the basic personal information, behavior and lifestyle, the status of the prevalence of chronic diseases, health knowledge, medical knowledge and examination. The descriptive statistics were used to analyze the prevalence of major chronic diseases among residents aged 18 years and over in Hubei Province, and the distribution of social-economic characteristics and behavioral risk factors; Univariate and multivariate Logistic analysis were used to analyze the main influencing factors and the distribution of risk factors in chronic diseases; the social network analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between chronic diseases; the structural equation model was used to quantify the relationship between social-economic factors and risk factors affecting chronic diseases and their impact on pathways and effects of chronic diseases. The effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides extracted from traditional Chinese food on diabetic nephropathy were explored, and the effect of food on chronic diseases was explored experimentally.Results and conclusion(1)The prevalence of hypertension in Hubei province was higher than that in the whole country, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, self-report chronic disease, dyslipidemia were 39.0%,4.0%,15.72%,3.96% respectively. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia were common chronic diseases in Hubei Province.Behavioral risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and irrational diets were prevalent among chronic factors, Now smoking rate was 18.89%, passive smoking rate was 30.00%, of which men were 28.91% and women were 30.78%; Drinking rate was 26.14%, of which men were 43.14% and women were 9.49%; residents exercise rate was 19.52%; the average intake of vegetables and fruits were 418.9 g/d and 99.83 g/d, and the intake rates were 29.74% and 82.54% respectively; High salt diet rate of 46.28%, of which men were 47.89% and women were 44.70%; test rate of blood pressure, blood glucose were 68.60% and 43.87% respectively.(2) Age, sex, marital status, education, and body mass index were independently associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and all of them had statistical significance (p<0.05). Residents aged 50 and over is in a high risk of hypertension and diabetes, they were the focus of intervention prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. There may be a general association between prevalent chronic diseases, the association between hypertension and diabetes, dyslipidemia was strong and most closely related.(3) The application of the structural equation model to the analysis of the influencing factors of chronic diseases had certain applicability. The social-economic factors not only directly influence the chronic diseases, but also indirectly influence the chronic diseases through the behavioral risk factors. The direct, indirect and total effects value were 0.532,0.243,0.775 respectively. Normalized total effect shown that the effect of hypertension risk factors in descending order was family history of hypertension, overweight, dyslipidemia, diabetes, salt intake, alcohol consumption, and physical active. The most important risk factors for diabetes were overweight, obesity, aging, and high-fat diet.(4) The functional components of traditional food medlar have certain preventive effect on the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. Daily diet is closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic diseases, roper dietary pattern is helpful for the prevention of chronic diseases.Policy Suggestions(1) strengthen monitoring of chronic diseases and behavioral risk factors of residents.(2) strengthen health education, improve health literacy and change health beliefs(3) Carry out activities for disease prevention and control in the whole population.(4) Subdivide the population and the epidemic situation of risk factors, and improve the pertinence of prevention and control of chronic diseases. At the same time, strengthening the health education and health promotion for chronic diseases focusing on high-risk population such as women, the elderly, with low education and with low income.