Studies On Nature And Flavor Of Cyathula Officinalis Kuan

TCM theory is an important part of TCM theory,the core content of the theoretical system of TCM.It is also an important basis for guiding the clinical use of TCM.It is a traditional TCM,a prominent symbol of natural medicine.Traditional TCM drug connotation is rich and complex,and the curative effect of traditional TCM refers to the general properties and performance related;the narrow sense refers to traditional TCM taste,meridian,lifting,poison,the flavors of TCM theory is most important,is the core theory of traditional TCM.However,due to the long-term development of traditional TCM taste theory the evolution of the ancient physicians is different,the confusion of many traditional TCM taste calibration,some traditional TCM taste confused.A major problem on the basis of calibration and flavors of TCM and modern research,so how to scientifically clarify the relationship between resistance and taste,and explore the scientific connotation of TCM theory,at the same time to maintain and develop their own characteristics and advantages of traditional TCM,has always been the arduous task and challenge the traditional TCM.Cyathulae radix is the dry root of Cyathula officinalis Kuan.Its name first appeared in the Tang Dynasty,Lin daoren Xian chou li shang xu duan mi fang.Prior to this ancient books and set the name of Achyranthes bidentatae not on a variety of Achyranthes bidentatae were distinguished,so before the Tang Dynasty ancient herbal records of Cyathulae contains Cyathulae Radix,which has a long history of medicinal,began carrying on the Shen nong ben cao Jing.Cyathula officinalis distributed in Sichuan,cloud,Guizhou and other provinces,to primary production in Sichuan and its name,about Cyathulae Radix taste,the Shen nong ben cao Jing records its taste "bitter";Zheng lei ben cao records which taste bitter,acid,the flat,";Dian nan ben cao records its taste sour,slightly pungent,tepid";Ben cao gang mu predicate the bitter,acid,Ping ";"And Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010)edition records its taste sweet,slightly bitter,flat,apparently for Radix Cyathulae flavor,historical records and modern Chinese Pharmacopoeia description there is a certain difference.This paper study found that Radix Cyathulae" taste "mainly concentrated in the" bitter taste"sweet" taste,only Southern Yunnan material medical records with "Xin" taste;for Radix Cyathulae "description,mainly concentrated in the"flat",only Dian nan ben cao material medical records with" warm ".In order to rational elaboration of Radix Cyathulae flavor evolution of scientific connotation,and for the right to guide the clinical practice and scientific research and provide a theoretical basis,this paper on the taste of the study.In the meantime,it is would provide the evidence to resolvability and combinability the nature and flavor and reveal the existence of-one flavor and one naturel,also verify the hypothesis"one medicine has X flavor and Y nature(Y<X)" for TCM,in order to provide prophase research foundation in revealing the scientific connotation of medicinal property(gas),and it would be the new mode and platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine modern study to clarify the scientific connotation and contact,to build the new style for the nature and flavor of TCM.At the same time,it is ready for discovering and developing innovative drugs to treat major or complicated disease.Therefore,we carried out the work as the following:1.Literature review.To taste as the center,through a large number of domestic and foreign literature retrieval system to clarify the traditional TCM and taste of Cyathulae Radix name,-variety,development of origin and the process of evolution and of Cyathula root chemical composition,current situation in the research of pharmacological action and clinical application,understand near modern flavor research theory and Cyathulae Radix pharmacology and chemical composition research results,summarize the clinical application,complete the review of research on the theory of traditional TCM taste and Cyathulae Radix for the experimental research of the development lay the foundation for the literature of rich and effective,at the same time to determine the object of this study is the dry root of Cyathula officinalis Kuan by flavor taste.Cyathulae Radix textual research.2.Through the textual research of ancient herbal books on Cyathulae Radix flavored records,combined with traditional TCM theory of evolution process,clear the Cyathulae Radix taste the evolution process and the period of taste connotation.From the beginning contained in Shen nong Ben cao "bitter",to Zheng lei ben cao "bitter,sour,to Chinese Pharmacopoeia "sweet,slightly bitter,experienced by the "single flavor" to "composite smell",the "bitter,flat" to "bitter,sour,flat" and then to "sweet,slightly bitter,flat"development and evolution process.3.Study of split Cyathulae Radix flavor material basis.Boil with water,using a combination of alcohol precipitation and microporous adsorption resin extraction separation technology,separation methods established Cyathula flavor material basis,will be split into the decoction of Achyranthes bidentatae polysaccharide fractions,20%ethanol fraction,phytosterone composition and fatty acid ester group is divided into 4 groups,using GC-MS,HPLC,research on chemical characteristics of flavor components of split UPLC-MS method,using qualitative chemical reaction method,HPLC UPLC-MS method,and the application of PCA analysis and OPLS-DA analysis,the verification of Cyathula split components of the chemical composition and do not cross the split method achieved.Cyathula root decoction chemical constituents of all components were divided into split,do not cross between,and maintain the chemical composition of the prototype.4.Pharmacological study of Cyathulae Radix taste split components "taste".This paper uses the related flavor of Achyranthes bidentatae efficacy of diuretic,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antipyretic,immune enhancement,anti-rheumatoid arthritis,osteoporosis,estrogen like effects and hypolipidemic effect of compound pharmacological index as"efficacy evaluation system" and to evaluate the biological effects of Achyranthes bidentatae taste split components.The results show that:Achyranthesbidentata has diuretic,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antipyretic,immune enhancement,anti-rheumatoid arthritis,osteoporosis,estrogen use and hypolipidemic effect.Its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the material basis for polysaccharide composition and fatty acid composition;immune enhancement and the material basis of anti-osteoporosis effect of polysaccharide component and phytosterone component;material basis play a diuretic effect was 20%ethanol elution fractions;blood lipids play And antipyretic effect of the material basis of 20%ethanol elution fractions and Ketosteroid fractions;play the material basis of anti-rheumatoid arthritis activity for steroid ketone group and fatty acid ester component;play the material basis of the estrogen like effects of steroid ketone group.In this research work,the first time:(1)For the first time,it was found that the 20%ethanol elution fraction had a diuretic effect.(2)For the first time,it was found that the polysaccharide components and fatty acid esters have anti-inflammatory effects in the anti-inflammatory experiments.(3)For the first time,it was found that the polysaccharide components and fatty acid esters have analgesic effect in the experimental study.(4)In the experimental study on the antipyretic,first discovered Decoction group and phytosterone component has antipyretic effect.(5)In the study of immune enhancement,it is the first time that the water decoction group and the steroidal ketone group have the immune enhancement.(6)in the experimental study of anti-rheumatoid arthritis,it is the first time that the steroid and fatty acid esters have anti rheumatoid arthritis.(7)For the first time,it was found that the water decoction group,the 20%ethanol elution group and the steroidal ketone group were the immune enhancement.(8)In the experimental study of estrogen like action,it is the first time that the water decoction group and the steroidal ketone group are found to have estrogen like action.(9)In the experimental study of the effect of osteoporosis,it was first found that the composition of the water decoction,the polysaccharide and the steroid group had anti osteoporosis effect,and the effect was very obvious.5.A study on the ownership of Cyathula "taste".By literature research,combining mathematical methods,respectively from the traditional TCM research methods and modern scientific perspective on Cyathula split components are assigned,the results show that the antipyretic Cyathula,diuretic and hypolipidemic effects as "bitter" function of anti-inflammatory,analgesia,immune enhancement,is the embodiment of "sweet".The function of anti-rheumatoid arthritis,joint function of estrogen and anti-osteoporosis effect of its bitter taste and flavor "Gann" reflected.Therefore,Cyathula bitter taste of antipyretic,diuretic,anti-rheumatoid arthritis,hypolipidemic,estrogen and the anti-osteoporosis effect,the material base is 20%alcohol washing component and phytosterone component;"sweet"smell has anti-inflammatory,analgesic,immune enhancement,anti-rheumatoid arthritis,estrogenic and anti-osteoporosis effect,the material base is a polysaccharide component and Fatty acid ester group.Confirm the nature and flavor of traditional TCM can be split to reveal the objective existence of the traditional TCM "blindly" verified "I-Dozer x y(y = x)"the hypothesis of objectivity.6.Study on the chemical constituents of Cyathulae Radix taste split components.Using silica gel column chromatography,ODS column chromatography,SephadexLH-20 column chromatography,preparative liquid chromatography and recrystall ization method phytosterone group of Cyathula split component in the separation and purification,according to the physicochemical properties of compounds and the use of UV,ESI-MS 1H-NMR,13C-NMR,HSQC,HMBC,1H-1HCOSY and DEPT spectroscopy and contrast analysis methods have been reported in the literature.11 compounds through the weak cation exchange resin weak series(Amber lite FPA90-Cl" +Amber lite IRC-84),ion exchange agarose gel(DEAE-Sepharose F.F.),ion exchange cellulose(Cellulose DEAE-52),propylene Sephadex Sephacryl S-400 HR ion exchange and molecular sieve chromatography of polysaccharide of Cyathulae Radix split components in separation and purification of 6 kinds of homogeneous polysaccharides:CP-1-CP-6.7.Pharmacological study of Cyathulae Radix taste split components "resistance".This paper puts forward a new hypothesis of resistance(gas)taste scientific connotation,namely "traditional TCM also has(gas)and taste,and taste of(gas)is a traditional TCM(including prescription,TCM,the effective parts or components,monomer compounds)two characteristics simultaneously.The specific effect medicine and drug resistance.(gas)is a drug by different ways in energy metabolism of the main effects,characteristics of metabolism,can affect drug efficacy or side effects and play a biological effect.The combination of(gas)taste the scientific connotation of the new hypothesis this paper replicates the ice cold rat model and levothyroxine sodium(euthyrox)heat syndrome rat model induced by simulated typical cold and heat syndrome.The etiology and symptoms inSichuan bidentatae on" cold syndrome rat model of "heat" rat model of nervous system effects,effects of material metabolism,Four aspects of the influence of energy metabolism and endocrine system as a system for the evaluation of Cyathulae Radix.Specific indicators are as follows:(1)Resolution of Cyathulae Radix flavor components of the nervous system influences the weight of each rat model and temperature;plasma 17 hydroxycorticosteroid(17-OHCS),cholinesterase(A-CHE)content,brain tissue of norepinephrine(NE),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA)content and other indicators.(2)Resolution of Cyathulae Radix flavor components of metabolites influences the model of rat liver in liver glycogen content,plasma pyruvic acid,lactic acid,pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH),succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)content.(3)Cyathulae Radix taste of split points effects on energy metabolism and investigation of the model of rat liver in Na+-K+-ATP enzyme content;plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and cyclic guanosine monophosphate(CGMP)content.(4)Resolution of Cyathulae Radix flavor components of the endocrine system influences the model rat plasma three iodine thyroid original ammonia acid(T3),total thyroxine(T4),promote thyroid hormone(TSH)and promote thyroid hormone releasing hormone(TRH)content.The results are as follows:(1)A-CHE split of Cyathulae Radix flavor components of neural system in each experimental index showed that Achyranthes bidentatae polysaccharide components and fatty acid ester group of "cold syndrome rat model can reduce plasma cholinesterase.17 hydroxycorticosteroids,17-OHCS content,increased brain norepinephrine(NE)content of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA)content has little effect on the heat syndrome rat model can increase plasma cholinesterase content of 17 hydroxycorticosteroids,17-OHCS,norepinephrine(NE),and serotonin(5-HT),dopamine(DA)content has little effect.Achyranthes bidentata 20%ethanol washing group and steroid ketone group points to"cold syndrome" rat model can increase plasma cholinesterase(A-CHE)and 17 hydroxycorticosteroids,17-OHCS)content of brain tissue,decreased the content of norepinephrine(NE),on 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA)content has little effect;on "heat syndrome rat model can reduce plasma cholinesterase(A-CHE),17 hydroxycorticosteroids,17-OHCS)content,increased in brain tissue to norepinephrine(NE)content,on 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA)content of little.(2)Resolution of Cyathulae Radix flavor components of metabolites each experimental index showed that:Achyranthes bidentatae polysaccharides were divided and fatty acid ester group on "cold syndrome" rat model can increase the hepatic glycogen content and the content of plasma pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH)and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and reduce the pyruvic acid and lactate content has increased,of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)content of little;on "heat syndrome rat model of each index content affected little.Achyranthes bidentatae 20%ethanol wash group and steroid ketone group points in the rat model of "cold syndrome" to reduce the content of plasma of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH)and other indexes have little effect on the content of;on "heat syndrome rat model can reduce plasma pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH),liver glycogen content increased and the content of plasma of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH)and of pyruvate,lactate and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)content of little.(3)Cyathulae Radix taste of split points effects on energy metabolism in the experimental index showed that Cyathulae Radix fatty acid ester group can slightly "cold syndrome" rat model of plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)content and cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate ratio,Achyranthes bidentatae polysaccharide group points and fatty acid ester group can significantly increase in the liver of Na?+-K?+-ATP enzyme content;on "heat syndrome rat model of each index content affected little.Achyranthes bidentatae 20%ethanol washing component and steroid ketone group points to "heat syndrome rat model can significantly increase the liver of Na +-K +-ATP enzyme content,lower ratio of plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)content and cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate;on" cold syndrome of rat model of each index content has little effect.(4)Resolution of Cyathulae Radix flavor components on each experimental index of endocrine system influences:Achyranthes bidentatae polysaccharide fractions and fatty acid ester group on "cold syndrome","heat syndrome model of rat serum three iodine thyroid original ammonia acid(T3),total thyroxine(T4),promote thyroid hormone(TSH)and promote thyroid hormone releasing hormone(TRH)had little effect on the content of.Achyranthes bidentatae 20%ethanol wash group and steroid ketone group points to"heat syndrome rat model can reduce plasma three iodine thyroid original ammonia acid(T3),total thyroxine(T4)content,to promote thyroid hormone(TSH)and promote thyroid hormone releasing hormone(TRH)had little effect on the content of;wash plain ox knee 20%alcohol group and steroid ketone group divided basically has no impact on the" cold syndrome in the rat models with the experimental index.The results of the study show that,Achyranthes bidentatae polysaccharide components and fatty acid ester group points can regulate the nervous system and the endocrine system,promote the body metabolism of substance and energy;Achyranthes bidentatae 20%ethanol wash fractions and Ketosteroid group can regulate the nervous system and the endocrine system,inhibit the body energy metabolism and material metabolism.The innovation and characteristics of this study:Based on the basic theory of TCM,traditional TCM taste theory based on the hypothesis,the flavor of the medicine can be split,combination of research ideas,the taste of the traditional TCM of Cyathulae Radix and material base of "taste","pharmacology,made a new exploration and Study on the resistance of pharmacology,get some important research results,the results of this study not only helps to solve the problems of Cyathula taste and efficacy of understanding the clinical application of Cyathulae Radix,has an important guiding value for new drug development.Combined with the research results of Achyranthes bidentatae taste can be separated,which has two taste among them,the polysaccharide and the fatty acid composition is "sweet" taste,"warm",20%alcohol washing components and phytosterone component has a bitter taste,"cool",the overall cash Sichuan Achyranthes root"sweet,bitter","flat" facts.This study further confirmed the "traditional TCM also has(gas)and taste.(gas)and the taste is Chinese traditional medicine simultaneously two kinds of characteristics of the specific efficacy of herbs and drugs.Drug(gas)is drugs through different pathways to mainly affect the body's energy metabolism,metabolism characteristics and traditional TCM taste with split,combination,traditional TCM blindly of,the objectivity of I-Dozer x y(y=x)of traditional TCM taste theory hypothesis.And further improve the drug belonging to the judgment method,has the important theory and application value.