| Ardisia gigantifolia,belonging to Ardisia,is a kind of precious national medicinal plants with important research value and application prospect.Unreasonable collecting resulting from the increasing demand for medicinal materials in the market make the wild resources of A.gigantifolia face depletion,or even extinction risks,so strengthening the application fundamental research on the conservation and cultivation of A.gigantifolia is becoming imminent.As shrub plants,A.gigantifolia are often found in wet and shady places in forest,and are suitable for the compound planting of forest and medicine.In the compound planting of forest and medicine system,light condition and plant allelopathy are the key ecological factors for the growth and active component accumulation of medicinal plants.Based on multi-disciplinary techniques from ethnobotany,plant physiology and ecology etc,This project conducts research on A.gigantifolia to study their growth,physiological and ecological characteristics,and the changes of medicinal components of A.gigantifolia under different environmental conditions.The main results and conclusions are presented as follows:1.Based on ethnobotanical investigation of A.gigantifolia in Guangxi,the following conclusions could be drawn.Firstly,A.gigantifolia has a high medicinal value,for example,its rhizome and the whole plant could be used to treat many diseases,such as the dispel wind and replenish blood,and promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis,detumescence and pain.Secondly,most of A.gigantifolia plants in the market come from the wild,and the number of A.gigantifolia population shows a decreasing trend.2.The plant allelopathy has an effect on the seed germination and growth of A.gigantifolia seedlings.Eucalyptus robusta extract concentration has an significantly inhibitory effect on the germination and growth of A.gigantifolia seedlings,while effects of Pinus elliottii and Cunninghamia lanceolata extract concentration on the germination and growth of A.gigantifolia seedlings conform to the phenomenon of"low promoting,but high inhibiting".Therefore,A.gigantifolia can be planted with Pinus elliottii or Cunninghamia lanceolata in the compound planting of forest and medicine system.3.The light conditions have an effect on the growth,ecophysiological characteristics and active component of A.gigantifolia.Firstly,with the decrease of light intensity,the plant height,basal diameter and biomass of A.gigantifolia increase.Moreover,white light treatment could make the plants obtain the largest height,basal diameter and biomass,which are significantly different from other light quality treatment.Therefore,the yield of A.gigantifolia is the highest under weak light(20%)and white light.Secondly,LAI and chlorophyll increases with the decrease of light intensity,and reach the largest in the condition of white light treatment.Therefore,A.gigantifolia can increase the leaf area index and chlorophyll content to improve the utilization rate of light in forest.Thirdly,the activities of SOD,POD,CAT and MDA in the leaves increase with the increase of light intensity,and become relatively low in the white light treatment.Therefore,A.gigantifolia can reduce the damage of O2-by adjusting the activity of SOD,POD and CAT.Fourthly,with the decrease of light intensity,ardisia crispin A,bergenin,total saponins and alkaloids of A.gigantifolia increase,which reach the largest under the white light treatment,and this is significantly different from other light quality treatment.Lastly,with the prolongation of the breeding time,the active components of A.gigantifolia increase rapidly at first,and increase or decreased slightly after reaching the maximum value on October 20.Therefore,weak and white light can promote the accumulation of active components and improve the quality of A.gigantifolia,and the best picking time of A.gigantifolia is the end of October,which proves the rationality of traditional picking time of ethnic minorities.4.Acorrding to study on the growth and physiological ecology of A.gigantifolia under the compound planting of forest and medicine,the following conclusions could be drawn.Firstly,with the increase of forest canopy density,the plant height,basal diameter,leaf number,root length and biomass of A.gigantifolia increase gradually.Therefore,in the compound planting of forest and medicine,selecting suitable forest type and shade is beneficial to the growth and increase of yield of A.gigantifolia.Secondly,SOD,POD and CAT enzyme activities decrease with the decrease of light intensity,Therefore,A.gigantifolia can reduce the damage of O2-by adjusting the activity of SOD,POD and CAT under strong light conditions.Thirdly,with the increase of forest canopy density,the content of active components in A.gigantifolia increases.Therefore,the increase of forest canopy density can promote the accumulation of active components.Lastly,with the prolongation of planting time,the content of active components in A.gigantifolia increases and reaches the maximum value on October 20.Therefore,the best picking time of A.gigantifolia is the end of October.Based on the investigation of ethnobotany and ethnoecology,this research studies the growth and ecophysiological characteristics of A.gigantifolia,verifies the scientificity and rationality of traditional knowledge of ethnic minorities,and selects the best conditions for A.gigantifolia growth,with scientific experiments and multidisciplinary modern technologies.Our research on the one hand can guide local residents to cultivate A.gigantifolia,and thus is beneficial for the protection and utilization of local wild resources.It also on the other hand can guide the field cultivation and the compound planting of forest and medicine of Ardisia gigantifolia,to improve the yield and quality of A.gigantifolia,increase the income of forest farmers,and thus is helpful to achieve the goal of targeted antipoverty. |
