| The thesis investigated and analyzed the status and relationship of flue-cured tobacco leaf quality and ecological environment factors in Honghe area,zoned the flue-cured tobacco planting area and positioned the quality style characteristics based on the ecological environment factors.The key factors affecting the quality of Honghe flue-cured tobacco leaves were identified based on the analysis of the correlation between ecological factors and tobacco quality.The research on regulation technology is carried out,and the key technical system for the high-quality characteristic flue-cured tobacco production that matches the ecological environment advantages of the Honoghe area was integrated.The implementation of the characteristic high-quality tobacco leaf production layout of the unique Honghe red soil plateau was conducive to the implementation of the"raw materials differentiation,strategy and the supply of special raw materials,enhancing the sustainable production capacity of tobacco leaves,and providing support for promoting the green development of the tobacco industry.The main conclusions of the thesis were as follows:1.Analyzed the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in Honghe area,the result showed that the average content of chemical constituents of tobacco leaves in three parts of the whole tobacco area was within or close to the appropriate range,and the sensory quality of tobacco leaves was in Mile and Luxi county was the best.The scores in the other counties were not significant.The overall performance was such below:aroma and aroma,flue-cured flavor is fragrant,sweet and hay is the main fragrance,supplemented with sweet and fragrant,Baking incense.2.Through the analysis of the meteorological conditions of tobacco planting in the Honghe area.In general,the soil pH value,soil nutrient and trace element content was found that the meteorological conditions such as the temperature,sunshine hours and rainfall of the whole flue-cured tobacco field in Honghe area.The soil acidity and alkalinity,soil nutrient and trace element content of soil were suitable for high-quality flue-cured tobacco growth demand,87.24%of the soil fertility soil fertility suitability grade belongs to Grade ?-?,and the suitability was better.However,the suitability of 12.76%of tobacco planting soil was Grade IV,the suitability was slightly poor,and the effective boron and the soil magnesium ion content of 48.66%and 17.34%tobacco planting soil were low.It is necessary to adjust and adjust the existing fertilization scheme to improve soil nutrient status.Based on the result,the Honghe tobacco area was divided into three main ecological types,and the ecological environment characteristics of each ecological type was identified.The Ecology 1 area included 15 townships in the two counties of Mile and Luxi.The area of tobacco planting was 20,800 hm2,which belongs to the high-latitude and high-altitude tobacco growing area.The climate and various production conditions fully meet the requirements for producing high-quality tobacco leaf raw materials.The Ecology 2 area included 25 townships in the four counties of Mile,Shiping,Jianshui and Kaiyuan.The area of tobacco planting was 16,700 hm2,which belongs to the mid-latitude mid-altitude tobacco planting area.The climate and various production conditions can meet the requirements of producing high-quality tobacco leaf raw materials.The Ecology 3 area included 14 townships in Jianshui,Gejiu,Mengzi and Pingbian counties.The area of tobacco planting was 6,600 hm2,which belongs to low-latitude and high-altitude tobacco-growing areas.The climate and various production conditions basically meet the requirements for producing high-quality tobacco leaf raw materials..3.Based on the ecological division,the thesis analyzed the quality characteristics and formula function of tobacco in three different ecological types in the Honghe area,the quality characteristics of tobacco in three ecological planting areas were further clarified:Ecology 1 area:chemical composition coordination of tobacco leaves Good type,sweet and fragrant was the most prominent,pleasant,round,sweet,miscellaneous,infiltrating,good sweetness.11.1%can be used as high-grade raw materials,42.6%for one type of raw materials,46.3%for Two or three types of raw materials;ecological 2 area:the chemical composition of tobacco leaves was better coordinated,sweet and sweet,outstanding,pleasant,round,sweet,miscellaneous,infiltrating,good sweetness,3.7%for high-grade raw materials,27.8%was used for one type of raw materials,61.1%was used for secondary and tertiary raw materials;Ecology 3:general chemical composition of tobacco leaves was generally coordinated,sweet and fragrant,pleasant,round,sweet,miscellaneous,infiltrated.The feeling and sweetness were not as good as those in Zone 1 and Zone 2,11.1%for the first class of raw materials,66.7%for the second and third class of raw materials,and 22.2%for the four or five types of raw materials.By comparing with the ecological conditions of other typical tobacco-growing areas in Yunnan(Kunming,Qujing and Baoshan)quality of tobacco leaves,the characteristics of tobacco leaf raw materials in Honghe area were farther clarified from the aspects of ecological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco cultivation,quality characteristics of tobacco leaves and formulating functions.Planting ecological characteristics:The tobacco area belongs to the middle and low altitude,the average temperature of the field was high,the rainfall was moderate,and the sunshine area was strong.The soil nutrients were relatively coordinated.Quality characteristics of tobacco leaves:sugar,total nitrogen and nicotine content were suitable,potassium content was medium;fragrant type was fragrant type,sweet and fragrant was the main fragrance,supplemented with sweet and fragrant,roasted aroma;delicate scent,aroma The amount was sufficient,the permeability was good,the aroma was thick and long,the taste was full,the concentration was thick,the gas was mixed,and the stimulation was slightly larger.Formulation function:In the cigarette formula,it takes the role of strengthening the smoke,smashing the bottom of the smoke,enhancing the concentration of the aroma and the permeability.4.The thesis studied the relationship between meteorological factors,tobacco soil factors and tobacco leaf quality in Honghe area.The relationship between ecological factors and tobacco leaf quality was revealed:the climatic conditions of the tobacco field(rainfall,average temperature,sunshine)factors was the main factor affecting the chemical composition of tobacco leaves,and the effect on the quality of tobacco sensory evaluation was obvious.Under certain climatic conditions,the total score of sensory evaluation of tobacco leaves was higher and the variation was smaller;The chemical composition of tobacco leaves had a significant effect,and the lack of boron and magnesium in tobacco soil was the key factor restricting the quality formation of Honghe area.It is necessary to carry out optimization technology research on key factors.5.To improve the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves,the technology of improving the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves was carried out.The best transplanting period under the seedlings in the middle and low altitude sections of Honghe area was 10 days earlier than the conventional transplanting.The best transplanting period under the high-altitude seedlings was the same as the conventional transplanting season.GIS was used to treat the flue-cured tobacco in Honghe area,quantitative evaluation and zoning of the environmental adaptability of transplanting planting under the film,combined with the best transplanting time at different altitudes,the most suitable time for planting tobacco under different seedlings in different altitudes of different Honghe counties(cities)was studied.The most suitable fertilization method in tobacco area as follow:the application amount of organic fertilizer accounts for 25%to 50%of the total fertilization amount,the application of boron fertilizer is 1.50kg/hm2 or 75mL/hm2 to 225kg of water,and the magnesium fertilizer 60kg/hm2 is mixed with fine soil 150kg or 15mL for 15kg foliar application. |
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