Evaluation And Improvement Policy Of Urban Energy Economy-Environment-Wellbeing Performance

With the development of urban economy and society,urban energy consumption has increased rapidly.Cities have become important subjects of energy consumption.The rapid growth of energy consumption has not only intensified the contradiction between energy supply and demand.The pollution emissions generated during the energy consumption process have seriously damaged urban environmental system,and have posed a huge threat to the sustainable development of urban economy and the level of urban wellbeing.The development goals in the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China have shown that coordinating energy utilization,economic development,environmental protection and social wellbeing have become important means for the sustainable development of cities,and the improvement of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance is imperative.Therefore,scientifically determining the level of urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance and proposing corresponding policies and recommendations have become important issues to be studied urgently,and they are of great significance to explore the urban energy efficient transformation path and coordinate urban economy-society-environment-wellbeing development.The research ideas of this study are listed as follows.First,by expounding the research background,the purpose and significance of studying urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance and its promotion policy are put forward.Second,through the analysis of the related theories,performance concept,performance structure,energy performance concept,the conceptual structure model of urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance is constructed.Third,based on the conceptual structure model,urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation indicators and influencing factors are selected by using literature analysis method,and then the framework of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation indicators and influencing factors is proposed.In order to meet the multiple needs of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation,the urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation model is constructed.In view of the visualization and convenience of the evaluation tool,the evaluation system of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance is designed and developed.Fourth,the energy economy-environmentwellbeing performance of China’s provincial capitals is evaluated by using the evaluation model and evaluation system constructed in this study,and they are analyzed and elaborated in detail from the overall situation,time dimension,city dimension and performance difference dimension.The rules and characteristics of energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance for provincial capitals in different dimensions are revealed.Furthermore,the impacts of different factors on the energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance in provincial capitals are analyzed.Fifth,based on the policy categories,the evaluation indicators,and the influencing factors of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance,the urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance improvement is set as the ultimate goal,and the sub-goals of improving urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance and the corresponding policy scenarios are proposed.Based on the improvement effect of energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance in provincial capitals under different policy scenarios,the dominant policies and recommendations that should be selected by each city and country are determined.According to the above research ideas and contents,the conclusions and innovations of this study are listed as follows:(1)Concept and structure of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance: according to the related concepts and theoretical foundations,urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance is defined as the optimal output level formed by urban energy input and other inputs through urban development activities under the influences of certain social regulations and factors.Furthermore,the three-dimensional structure model covering urban energy economy performance,urban energy environment performance and urban energy wellbeing performance is constructed,which expands the conceptual framework and perspective of urban energy performance theory research.(2)Evaluation indicator and influencing factor framework of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance: the framework is finally constructed through the normative literature analysis.The evaluation indicators are divided into input indicators and output indicators.The input indicators include capital input,labor input and energy input.The output indicators include economic output,pollution emission and wellbeing level.The influencing factors include energy consumption structure,industrial structure,energy price,urban scale,foreign trade openness,science and technology input,HDD index,urbanization level and household car ownership.The evaluation indicators and influencing factors are incorporated into the same framework.From the endogenous perspective and the exogenous perspective,the framework reveals the respective roles of evaluation indicators and influencing factors,and reflects the dynamic process of urban energy utilization.(3)Urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation model: in order to meet the multiple evaluation requirements of urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance,the urban energy economy-environmentwellbeing performance evaluation model are constructed based on the comprehensive analysis of stochastic frontier analysis model,stochastic ray frontier analysis model and undesirable output processing method.The model incorporates performance evaluation and factor analysis into the same stage,effectively solves multi-desirable outputs and undesirable output in the same method model,and meets the actual situation of urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation.(4)Urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation system: based on the above research foundation and the design of system structure and functions,the urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance evaluation system is developed with China’s provincial capitals as samples.The evaluation system consists of three parts: database server,distributed component server and humancomputer interaction interface.It covers the functions of login,data addition,data editing,performance calculation,performance analysis,performance comparison,performance query and chart export.The evaluation system uses modular design as a means,which further improve the scalability and adaptability of the system.The evaluation system fully realizes data management,business processing and information display,effectively reduces the complexity of the design mode.It is easy to operate and get results so as to effectively meet the evaluation needs of various users.Therefore,it provides an important reference for the design and development of energy performance evaluation tools,and realizes the informatization and automation of energy performance management in the future.(5)Energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance level of China’s provincial capitals and the influences of factors on it: the energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance level of China’s provincial capitals has a large space to improve and shows a certain two-stage differentiation.The energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance of China’s provincial capitals can be divided into three categories,each of which shows different characteristics and rules in terms of performance level and development trend.In addition,the performance level and change degree of each city are also different.Energy consumption structure and urban scale have significant negative effects on urban energy economy-environmentwellbeing performance,while industrial structure,energy price,science and technology input have significant positive effects.Industrial structure and energy price have the greatest impact on urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance,followed by energy consumption structure and science and technology input.The impact of urban scale on urban energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance is relatively small.(6)The choices of energy economy-environment-wellbeing performance improvement policy for China’s provincial capitals: from the choice of each provincial capital,Taiyuan,Shenyang,Shanghai,Hangzhou and Wuhan should take energy consumption reduction policy as the leading policy to improve urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance.Shijiazhuang should adopt emission reduction policy as the leading policy.Chengdu should focus on the implementation of improving economic output policy.Tianjin,Hohhot,Harbin,Nanjing,Hefei,Fuzhou,Nanchang,Jinan,Zhengzhou,Chongqing,Guiyang,Kunming,Xi’an,Lanzhou,Xining and Urumqi should take the policy of improving wellbeing level as their primary policy choice.Changchun should focus on optimizing energy consumption structure policy.Haikou and Yinchuan should set the policy of adjusting industrial structure as the leading policy.The improving energy performance technology level policy is the dominant policy for Beijing and Nanning to improve the urban energy economyenvironment-wellbeing performance.In most cities,the policy of improving wellbeing level is the best choice for performance improvement.As for country,the above policies should be implemented in accordance with the effectiveness of various policies,and the specific recommendations of different policies should be coordinated and applied.The choice study of improvement policy incorporates the quantitative study on policy classification and policy effect prediction,which improves the accuracy of target design and prediction results,and provides new ideas and methods for such study.