| In the face of increasingly severe energy and environmental problems,it has become the inevitable choice to adjust energy structure and improve energy efficiency.The micro-grid with a high proportion of renewable energy can promote the reform of energy supply side,reflect the development level of new-type electric energy technologies,and promote the establishment of a clean,low-carbon,safe,and efficient modern energy system.To realize the development of micro-grid,we must pay attention to operations.A good level of operation and management,which is an indispensable element for enhancing the long-term promotion of micro-grid construction and exploring the harmonious development of energy and economy-society-environment,can enhance the initiative,flexibility,and economy of micro-grid energy utilization,and increase the renewable energy consumption rate and overall energy efficiency.With the promotion of the national new energy policy and the announcement of energy conservation and emission reduction targets,the importance of micro-grid as well as its operation and management has gradually increased to the national strategic level.However,the development of new technologies and concepts such as the energy internet will change the physical architecture,the mode of economic dispatch,and the market operations interaction model of the micro-grid,and bring new challenges to the operation and management of traditional micro-grids.In this regard,this paper establishes a set of micro-network operation optimization methods that consider different market backgrounds and interaction patterns under the conditions of the energy internet,constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for micro-network operation and management combining the development trend of the energy internet,and proposes incentive policy advice for the development of micro-grid operations in order to meet the energy internet requirements.This paper aims to answer:What is the energy internet?What opportunities and challenges will the energy internet bring to the development and operation management of micro-grid?How to deal with these opportunities and challenges under different market development stages and different interaction needs?What kind of comprehensive assessment and incentive policy system should be matched?This paper hopes to provide new ideas,new methods and new tools for the related work of micro-grid operations and development in the future by answering these questions.The main work of this paper is summarized as follows:Firstly,this paper presents the opportunities and challenges for the development of micro-grid operations under the conditions of the energy internet.Starting from the development needs and evolution direction of the energy internet,paper clarifies the development trend of micro-grid under the conditions of the energy internet.This article elaborates the development history of the energy internet,analyzes four basic characteristics,three evolutionary directions,and three future development needs of the energy internet,and focuses on the development opportunities and prospects of the micro-grid in terms of quantity,structure evolution,interconnection and transactions under the conditions of the energy internet.This section defines the micro-grid operation issues studied in this paper as follows:Focusing on grid-connected microgrid,from the external perspective,according to the development needs of the energy internet,this paper will study the interaction mechanism and transaction model between the micro-grid and other market operators starting from the system as a whole.From the internal perspective,on the basis of the interaction mechanism,comprehensive consideration will be given to operational and transaction costs to achieve the optimal configuration of the supply side and demand side of the micro-grid and to complete the source-network-load-storage coordination optimization.Further,combining the bottlenecks and deficiencies in the development of-traditional micro-grid operations in China,this paper will clarify the challenges faced by micro－grid in terms of operational optimization and comprehensive assessment of operational management levels under the conditions of the energy internet and propose the basic ideas to improve the relevant research methods to promote better operation of the micro-grid to adapt to the new environment,new trends and new requirements.Secondly,taking the challenges brought by the energy internet to micro-grid operations and management into account,this paper willl propose the market interaction mechanism that facilitates the overall development of the system and the demand for open interconnection of the energy internet from the two stages of low market and regulatory market respectively so that a micro-grid operation optimization method can be proposed.Under the low market background,this paper will propose an incentive sharing mechanism that can realize two-way interaction between micro－grid and distribution network combining the interactive features of energy internet and the requirements of system cleanness and high efficiency,and design indicators such as scheduling,contribution rate of renewable energy consumption,and economic conversion value.This paper will divide the operation decisions of microgrid and distribution network into two phases that affect each other,and build a conventional microgrid-distribution network operation interaction optimization model based on the incentive sharing mechanism.In the context of the regulatory market,considering the coexistence of market liberalization and regulation,the transaction mechanism will be introduced between the micro-grids,and more micro-netxvork will achieve multi－energy complementary integration optimization through internal upgrade.This paper will propose a multi-microgrid-distribution network multi-directional interactive larket mechanism and build an interactive decision-making game model first.Based on this,the multi-complementary micro-grid operation optimization with the goal of minimizing integrated operating costs will be finally achieved.The two-stage study will progress from the outer to the inner layers.Through the multi-scene simulation comparisons of horizontal and vertical,winter and summer,the applicability of the proposed mechanism and the effectiveness of the optimization model will be verified.Thirdly,a comprehensive evaluation method for the operation and management of micro-grid under the energy internet will be proposed to address the problem of mismatch between the traditional micro-grid operation and management evaluation system and the development needs of the energy internet.From the analysis of the characteristics of micro-grid operation evaluation under the energy internet,this paper will comprehensively cover three dimensions of network optimization,efficiency optimization,and service optimization,establish a comprehensive evaluation index system for micro-grid operation and management under the energy internet,and elaborate on the mathematical connotation of each indicator.In addition,in order to guarantee the objectivity and operability of the evaluation,a group decision-inverse entropy weight combination method will be used to weigh and evaluate the comprehensive assessment of the micro-grid operation and management level under the conditions of the energy internet to promote the proposed method can be better applied to practical work.Fourth,in order to ensure the applicability of micro-grid operations under the conditions of the energy internet,this paper will study the incentive policy system for the development of micro-grid operations that meets the requirements of the energy internet.This paper will establish a management system to promote the development of micro-grid operations under the conditions of the energy internet.Cpmbining the characteristics of China,s micro-grid operation and development and the actual national conditions of China’s energy market,China’s micro-grid operation development will be divided into four stages:low-market,controlled-market,high-market,and mature-market.This paper will focus on the different characteristics of each stage,select targetedly and set different operating technology incentive policies,market industry incentive policies,fiscal and taxation incentive policies,and investment and incentive policies.A deep understanding of the nature of the energy internet and full response to the development needs of the energy internet is the key to advancing the industrialization,sustainability,and applicability of the future micro-grid construction.It is necessary to encourage bold innovation in the operational interaction model,gradually break the barriers to the traditional institutional mechanisms,and continue to optimize the operation and comprehensive evaluation of the micro-grid,in order to promote the gradual realization of a new generation of energy systems with the power system as the core.This work can provide quantitative analysis methods for optimization and management improvement of micro-grid operations under the conditions of the energy internet,provide specific reference directions for the interaction modes between micro-grid and distribution network operators,and provide theoretical and decision-making basis for relevant government departments to formulate relevant policies for further construction and development of micro-grid. |
