Influencing Factors And Mechanism On The Safety Integrity Of Airline Personnel In Key Positions

As one of the three main bodies of civil aviation,airlines play an important role in civil aviation transportation and safe production.They are the most concerned object of industry supervision and public.In recent years,the industry has developed rapidly and the scale of air transportation has continued to expand.With the rapid development of the industry,the rapid increase in the size of the fleet,and the rapid growth of the number of civil aviation employees,some unsafe integrity incidents have occurred.It reveals that some units and individuals in the industry have serious lack of safety integrity.These violations of safety integrity not only affected the flight safety seriously,but also disrupted the normal operation order of civil aviation,causing bad effects inside and outside the industry.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the key factors and internal mechanism that affect the safety integrity of airline personnel in key positions.The paper takes the key personnel of airlines as the research object,and aims to improve the level of civil aviation safety integrity.Literature research,expert interviews,questionnaires and statistical analysis,case analysis,model construction,and empirical research and other methods are used together.The paper analyzes the connotation of airline safety integrity,the mechanism of unsafe integrity behavior,the influencing factors,influence effects and internal mechanism of airline personnel's safety integrity,and provides a theoretical basis for further improving the level of airline safety and integrity.'(1)The connotation of safety integrity is defined by combing thoroughly and analyzing deeply the literature of safety integrity in different disciplines and industries at home and abroad.By using expert interviews,civil aviation documents and blacklist analysis,the unsafe integrity behavior of airline personnel in key positions were summarized,the definition of unsafe integrity behavior were given,and the connotation and extension of unsafe credit behavior were defined clearly.Based on the analysis of related behavior theory,the paper explored the mechanism of unsafe integrity behavior of airline personnel in key positions,and constructed a conceptual model.(2)Starting from the psychology formation process of safety integrity,under the guidance of the psychological mechanism and measurement theory of integrity,the five measurement dimensions of safety integrity were determined,and the safety integrity scale for key positions in airlines was designed.Based on the reliability test,By means of random sampling and stratified sampling,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 25 airlines and nearly 1,000 airline personnel under the seven civil aviation regional administrations to fully understand the current status of safety integrity of airline personnel in key positions.The impact of individual factors was analyzed.The results show that there are significant differences among different service years,job titles,positions,airlines' size and airlines nature.(3)Based on the connotation of civil aviation safety integrity,95 cases of unsafe integrity personnel in key positions in airlines were collected and collated.The case analysis was carried out to obtain 16 influencing factors based on Field theory and the results of literature analysis have tested and perfected them.On the basis of the qualitative analysis of factors affecting safety integrity,the Sequential Relationship Analysis(Gl)was used to correct the relationship of factors in decision testing and evaluation experiments(DEMATEL);and the effects of 16 influencing factors were quantified based on G1-DEMATEL.It was found that there were 7 causal factors among the 16 influencing factors:local and corporate safety supervision;leaders did not attach importance to safety integrity and poor representation;company organizational structure,and leadership stability or efficiency;safety integrity reward and punishment mechanism of bureau and company was not perfect;relevant education,publicity and safety culture construction;regulations,operation manuals,standard operating procedures and other guidance documents;poor social and industry atmosphere.Six of them are important factors in management.(4)In order to simplify the calculation process,the Interpretation Structure Model(ISM)was improved using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory(DEMATEL).Based on DEMATEL-ISM,a multi-layer hierarchical action model of factors affecting the safety integrity of airline personnel in key positions was constructed.The model is divided into 4 layers,and the first layer is the representation layer,with a total of 8 elements;Level 2 is the middle layer,with a total of 4 elements;the 3rd and 4th levels are the root layers,with a total of 4 elements.Appearance layer is the direct cause of affecting the safety and integrity of civil aviation employees.The root factor is the deep root cause of unsafe integrity behavior of civil aviation employees.The multi-layer progressive action model explains the internal mechanism of the factors that affect the safety integrity of airline personnel in key positions.(5)The 16 influencing factors obtained in the previous article were based on the development of the safety and integrity factors scale for airline personnel in key positions.272 valid data were collected.After exploratory factors and verification factors were analyzed,based on the original 16 influencing factors,four common factors were extracted.Based on the Structure Equation Model(SEM),the measurement model and structure model of factors affecting the safety integrity of airline personnel in key positions were constructed,and the action paths and load coefficients of each factor were quantified.The results show that the "improvement and implementation of regulations and procedures documents" factor has a significant positive impact on the"safety management system and the construction of rewards and punishments mechanisms" factor;The "safety management system and reward and punishment mechanism" factor has significant positive influence on the "safety and security ability" factor;"Safety management system and reward and punishment mechanism"plays an intermediary role in "safety integrity culture" and "safety and security ability";"Safety integrity culture”plays a part of the intermediary role in "safety and security capabilities.”Among the observation variables under each potential variable,the load coefficient is the example and instruction of the leader in the implementation of rules and regulations and procedures documents,the perfection of the company's safety management system,the construction of safety culture,and the communication and coordination between the company,the airport,and the air traffic control.These four specific issues are also the actual operation of the Bureau and enterprises and institutions need to focus on.