Study On Modeling And Stability Analysis Of Microscopic Traffic Flow With Consideration Of Drivers' Characteristics

The deepening of social change and economic development has greatly changed people's lives,and also brought lots of new opportunities and challenges for the development of road traffic.On the one hand,the extension and improvement of road brought unprecedented convenience to people's travel;And,on the other hand,the rapid increase of motor vehicle ownership and the continuous improvement of the quality requirements from drivers about their travel also affect and change the road driving conditions.This makes the inertia horns,disorder driving and frequent lane-changing have become the normalcy.With the emergence of more and more multi-source driving conditions,all kinds of pressure drivers facing in the process of driving is extremely complex and has had a huge impact.It will lead to appear different driving behavior for different drivers in driving process and then in turn have different impact on the road driving conditions and other drivers,which may induce traffic congestion and even lead to road traffic accidents directly or indirectly.The different characteristics for drivers' driving behavior in the process of driving has gradually become an important component in the current research of microscopic traffic flow theory,because of its increasing significant impact on the road traffic flow.This paper mainly study on modeling and stability analysis of microscopic traffic flow with consideration of drivers' characteristics.It is aimed to provide certain theoretical guidance for the benign operations of traffic flow under several kinds of common traffic situations with honking,uneven car line,mixed traffic flow and lane changing;and eventually to contribute to prevent the appearing of extreme traffic situation and solve the road traffic problems.The main work of this paper is as follows:Firstly,the micro traffic flow based on the drivers' personality characteristics under the honk environment has been studied.As we know that the different drivers with different personality characteristics usually have different reaction and driving operation decision after hearing horns from the following cars in the real traffic,which may accordingly affect the driving behavior of other drivers and then influence the traffic flow of road.However,therehave a few of literature to study the effect of driver's personality characteristics on the traffic flow under the honk environment up to our best knowledge.Thus,this paper is mainly analyzed the existing optimal velocity model and then proposed one extended car-following model by considering driver's personality characteristics under the honk environment.The neutral stability condition is derived by the linear stability theory,and the impact of different types of character drivers on the traffic flow is analyzed as well.The results show that the driver's personality characteristics and honk effect indeed all have significant impact on the stability of traffic flow.And the timid driver is more beneficial to improve the stability of the traffic flow than the aggressive one under honk environment.The numerical simulations are carried out to verify the proposed model as well.And they are consistent with the theoretical findings.Secondly,the micro mixed traffic flow based on the drivers' personality characteristics under the heterogeneous environment has been studied.Since the appearance of truck will influence the drivers' psychological and physiological reaction in a certain extent and then affect their driving behavior,base on the aboved study,this paper further introduces the appearing probability of truck and presents one extended car-following model.The effect of drivers' personality characteristics on the mixed traffic flow is further analyzed.And the results show that the traffic flow will become more disorder for the larger appearing probability of truck.The numerical simulations are carried out to verify these two proposed models as well.And they are consistent with the theoretical findings.Thirdly,the micro traffic flow based on the drivers' visual characteristics under the non-lane-based-disciplined environment has been studied.The different visual reaction will vary for different drivers,and the different visual response will cause the drivers with different personality characteristics make up different behavioral decision.And the movement track of vehicles may appear the phenomenon of deviating from the center line of road,under the non-lane-discipline-based road condition.It will make the vehicle have the lateral headway in the process of driving and then form a certain visual angle for drivers.Therefore,based on it,this paper proposes one car-following model by considering the effect of drivers' visual characteristics under non-lane-based-disciplined environment.And the analysis results show that the drivers' visual characteristics is not only affected significantly the stability of non-lane-discipline traffic flow,the other aspects such as driving characteristics of drivers or honk effect are also interacted with the drivers' visual characteristics.The correctness and the validity of the theoretical analysis are verified by numerical simulation as well.Finally,the two-lane micro traffic flow and the method for improving its stability based on the drivers' personality characteristics under the environment where the vehicle could be lane changing has been studied.For this part,this paper is mainly considered the influence of lane changing and extended the aboved optimal velocity model by considering driver's personality characteristics under the honk environment from single-lane situation to two-lane one,and proposed the corresponding two-lane car-following model.And according to the control theory analysis,a sufficient condition for the two-lane traffic flow stability is derived.In order to improve the stability of two-lane traffic flow,this paper is also designed one feedback control algorithm by considering the effect of the delayed time of receiving the longitudinal and lateral interaction information in the controller,based on the proposed two-lane model.The numerical simulations are carried out to verify the model as well.The results show that the stability of the two-lane traffic is all related to the drivers' personality characteristics,drivers' reaction time and the honk effect.And the designed control algorithm considering the delay time in the controller can indeed enhance the stability of traffic flow,but different delay time need to choose different control strategies.Thus,from what has been discussed above,this paper is mainly study the microscopic traffic flow modeling and its stability analysis based on the drivers' characteristics.In order to analyze the relationship among the different drivers' personality characteristics,visual characteristics,lane-changing behavior and the change of traffic status from them under different traffic condition,this paper have proposed the corresponding models based on the microscopic traffic flow theory.And the stability analysis about these proposed models are also carried out.Meanwhile,one feedback control algorithm is designed by considering the delayed time of receiving the longitudinal and lateral interaction information in the controllerto enhance the stability of traffic flow system.The researching results of this paper can make people not only further understand the the effect of drivers' characteristic on the microscopic traffic flow under the honk environment,mixed traffic condition,non-lane-based-disciplined situation and lane changing situation,but also have a new understanding on the prevented measures for the extreme road traffic status.It will provide a new idea for the driving behavior study and enrich the traffic flow theory.At the same time,the designed idea about the controller in this study also can provide a certain guiding role for the advanced intelligent driving system design.