Research On The Comfort Of University Student Seats Basd On Affordance

Seats are the most intimate furniture in the study of University students,and their comfort plays an important role in learning efficiency and learning effect.Because University students’aesthetic and functional needs for learning seats are different from those of primary and secondary school students,they not only pay attention to the comfortable physiological experience of seats,but also pay attention to the visual experience generated by the environment and design elements of seats.Affordance describes how products and environments can be perceived and captured correctly by users.It has important theoretical value for seat comfort research.Combining the concepts of affordance with the elements of seat comfort,this paper constructs a model of learning seat comfort design elements,puts forward the concept of comfort availability,and creatively divides comfort availability into three levels:visual perception comfort-affordance,use perception comfort-affordance and comfort-affordance cognitive analysis,which can make visual perception comfort and use perception comfort form a matching relationship to provide new ideas and methods for seat comfort research.Through eye movement experiment and questionnaire survey,this paper analyzed the visual attention pattern and use perception characteristics of learning chair among university students,and established the advantages of visual perception and use perception.Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the visual perception and comfort of learning seats,eye movement experiments were carried out on the functional form,color matching,material use and structural form of learning seats,and the visual superiority characteristics were determined by combining the results of fuzzy evaluation.Pupil detection and analysis were carried out on three backrest tilt angles and three seat materials,respectively,through the oscillation amplitude of pupils.Degree,spectrum energy value difference and diameter size change to determine the optimal comfortable tilt angle and material.The visual comfort-affordance of optimized seats and existing seats was evaluated by eye movement experiment method and fuzzy evaluation method,and the accuracy of rhythm description task,motion control quality(dynamic time warping distance and motion smoothness)of two seats were compared and analyzed by functional analysis and kinematics analysis.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The visual attention mode of learning seats in Universities(fixed and non-fixed)is top-down,and the backrest is the main part of attention;fixed and non-fixed learning seats have different characteristics of use perception,and the most influential functional parts and design elements in learning seats are the backrest and its inclination angle;non-fixed seat surface and the transportation of its materials.(2)In the visual form of learning seats,the back-rest shape of long trapezoidal + column tile in the functional form;the main color of black and electroplated black(bright)in the color matching + the auxiliary color of beige;the fabric material in the use of materials;and the hn-type structure in the structural form,which has the highest visual attention,namely,the comfort-affordance of visual perception.(3)In the perception of the use of learning seats,the order of comfort-affordance is from high to low:the leaning angle of backrest is 100°>120°>1300 and the material of seat surface is foam plastic>rigid plastic>wood material.(4)Based on the visual shape superiority and the functional position and characteristics of perceived superiority,the optimization scheme of learning seat design is refined.The affordance of visual perception and perceived comfort is higher than that of the existing learning seat.In completing the task of describing the action rhythm,sitting optimization seat can improve the accuracy and motion stability of task completion and shorten the distance of twist dynamic time.