Regional And Sectoral Assessment On Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation In Pakistan

The devastations caused by climate change across globe are apparent specifically in South Asian region where vulnerability to climate change among residents is high and climate change adaptation and mitigation awareness is extremely low.Pakistan's low adaptive capacity due to high poverty rate,limited financial resources and shortage of physical resources,and frequently intense climatic occurrences such as varying temperature,continual flooding,melting glaciers,saturation of lakes,earthquakes,hurricanes,storms,avalanches,droughts,scarcity of water,pest diseases,human healthcare issues,seasonal and lifestyle changes,have persistently threatened the ecosystem,bio-diversity,human communities,animal habitations,forests,lands and oceans with a potential to cause further damages in future.The likely effect of climate change on common residents of Pakistan and their per capita impact of climate change are terribly high with local animal species such as lions,vultures,dolphins and tortoise facing extinction regardless of generating and contributing diminutively in global GHG emissions.The primary cause of climate change is greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions due to human interventions and activities involving industrial development,transportation,urban expansion,energy production and consumption,agricultural activities,waste and its improper management,land use change and forestry(LUC&F).All of these have a significant impact on climate change in all areas and provinces.The study determines that all the areas in Pakistan played an increased role in climate change,but rural,peri-urban,and small cities turned out to be in worst situation due to lack of attention and ignorance.Moreover the level of impacts of climate-change at divisional level are distinguishable,which had direct relationship with climate,geography,variation of effects and modes of production in different regions.Therefore,recognition of information gaps,improvements in the level of alertness,and development of preventive measures on each sector is imperative.This research study examined the sectorial impacts of GHG emission towards agriculture livestock&forestry,weather trends and patterns,food water&energy security,and society of Pakistan with a focus on climate change mitigation and adaptation approaches and its economic aspects as its cost reaches over $7 billion to $14 billion USD per annum.