| Trametes versicolor has been confirmed is an important fuguns with medical values and biological degradation.Lignin is one of main component of biological materials and is one of the most difficult degradable polymers.T.versicolor is one of important speices of white rot fungus,has the ability to effectively degrade lignin,which attacts more and more attention of reaserchers.However,study on the problems related to lignin degradation is insufficient.Consequently,in order to enhance utilization efficiency of T.versicolor,it is very necessary to explore the molecular mechanism of lignin degradation,enzymes distribution and differential gene expression,etc.And then,feasible schemes or theoretical datas were provided for utilization of.versicolor based on the above results.In this paper,as T.versicolor was the strain,Pinus massonia and Populus-canadensis'Neva' were treatments,using RNA-seq technology,differential expression of enzymes and fuctional genes of.versicolor were analysed inducing by the two cabon resources of Pinus massonia and Populus×canadensis 'Neva' compared to glucose carbon resourece,degradation between them were made clear.Results showed as follows.Glucose,Pinus massonia and Populus×canadensis 'Neva'were carbon resources of T.versicolor,datas measured by RNA-seq technology showed their clean reads were totally mapped to the reference genes repectively were 47.96%,50.10%and 48.28%,and mapped to the genomes repectively were 65.84%,66.63%and 66.16%.Growing on the medium of Pinus massonia/Populus×canadensis 'Neva' of T.versicolor,it had 852 differential expression genes,568 genes were upregulated,and 284 genes were downregulated.Growing on the medium of Populus×canadensis 'Neva'/Glucose,it had 853 differential expression genes,360 genes were upregulated,and 493 genes were downregulated.Growing on the medium of Pinus massonia/Glucose,it had 1182 differential expression genes,374 genes were upregulated,and 808 genes were down regulated.When Populus×canadensis 'Neva' was reducing carbon resource,Pinus massonia was the contrast,except for genes encoding P450,thirty-nine genes regulating lignin degradation were upregulated including ten genes encoding LiP,two genes encoding MnP.Another nine genes were downregulated including one gene respectively encoded hem peroxidase and DyP peroxidase,each one gene encoded Laccase and MnP.And twenty-four genes were downregulated and nine genes were upregulated among thirty-three genes encoding P450.All genes encoding celluase and hemicelluase were upregulated including five endo-cellulases genes,five exo-celluases genes,one(3-glucosidas gene and eleven hemicelluase genes including two genes encoding xylases and one encoding mannoses.Compared to Pinus massonia,T.versicolor had a preference to Populus×canadensis 'Neva' in the Lignin,cellulose and hemicelluloses degradation.When Populus×canadensis 'Neva' was reducing carbon resource,glucose was the contrast,genes encoding lignin degradation were mostly upregulated,including eight genes encoding LiP,of these,the maximum multiple gene EIW53446 was 4.72 fold(FDR<0.001,fold=2.And maximum multiple gene in the nineteen P450 genes was 4.35 fold(FDR<0.001,fold=2).Part genes were downregulated,which including three genes encoding MnP,each one gene encoding Laccase and Versatile peroxidase and twelve genes encoding P450.Most genes encoding cellulose and hemicellase were downregulated,including six endocelluase genes,four exocelluase genes,two P-glucosidas genes,ten hemicelluase genes of three xylase genes and one mannose gene.The minority upregulated genes included one endocelluase gene,one exocelluase gene and four hemicelluase genes.Compared to the glucose carbon resource,.versicolor had more effective ability to degrade lignin and slightly degrade cellulose and hemicellulosesof Populus×canadensis 'Neva'.When Pinus massonia was reducing carbon resource,glucose was the control,compared to the group of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' and glucose,only few genes in lignin degredation were upregulated,including each one gene regulating HP and DyP.Another thirty-two genes encoding CyP450 were upregulated,as well.Genes encoding three kinds of cellulase enzymes were downregulated including three endocelluase genes,five exocelluase genes and two?-glucosidas genes.Ten genes were downregulated and one was upregulated in the eleven hemicelluloses genes.As Populus×canadensis 'Neva' was treatment,Pinus massonia was the control,more metabolism related growth of T.versicolor in the early stage,and then more genes encoding degrading lignocelluloses enzymes were upregulated which connected with benzene ring and aromatic compounds degradation,such as aminobenzoate degradation.Results showed.verrsiocolor could effectlier and deeply degrade lignin of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' than Pinus massonia.As five lignocelluloses and glucose were carbon resources,after semi-solid fermentation,enzymes sereted by Populus×canadensis 'Neva',glucose,Pinus massonia and corn were higher than cotton stem and stram.Solid fermentation Ppulus×canadensis 'Neva' and Pinus was done for according to different time by T.versicolor Lignin contents of Populus×canadensis 'Neva'and Pinus massonia were reduced and on the 50 days,lignin of Populus×canadensis 'Neva'reduced 4.57%,and on the 75 days,lignin of Pinus massonia reduced 4.77%.Holocellulose of the two materials were reduced,on the 50 days,holocellulose of Populus×canadensis'Neva' reduced 6.20%,and on the 75 days,lignin of Pinus massonia reduced 3.44%.Ratios fiber length to the width were slightly increased,and ratio of the the double wall thicknesses to lumen diameters of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' reduced more than Pinus massonia.Crystallization of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' was dropped more than Pinus massonia and became obvious as the time changed.FTIR peaks of lignin of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' and Pinus massonia were lowered or disappeared after pretreatment by T.versicolor.From 100?to 700?,weight loss of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' occurred three stages and Pinus massonia had four stages,and weight losses rate of Pinus massonia increased more than Populus×canadensis 'Neva',and their heat dissolving time was brought forward.Pictures of SEM showed hypha of T.versicolor had invaded the cell wall and formed intensive and nets-like structure.Wood of Populus×canadensis 'Neva'and Pinus massonia treated by T.versicolor could dissolve in the ionic and could regenerate new material.Compared to untreated materials,new materials had certain mechanic strength.Differential expression genes reducing by Populus×canadensis 'Neva'and Pinus massonia were studied and and enzymes and its encoding genes were made clear in the level of tramcriptome.Mechanism of T.versicolor could more effectively degrade lignin of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' was reavled with molecular biological technology.Based of these,degrading abilities of them were systematically studied.And then,dissolviing of Populus×canadensis 'Neva' and Pinus massonia treated by T.versicolor in the oninc liquid and regenerating new materials were proposed.All reaserches will open up a new application for T.versicolor. |
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