Research On China's Policy Finance Development Issues

As a product of modern financial development,policy finance should occupy an important place in the market economy system,and it is common in all kinds of social systems.No matter how effective it is,policy finance has become an important part of the financial system in a country where the welfare of the people is a priority.The policy banks in China since its establishment in 1994,in every great social and economic reform has played a very important role,especially in promoting the upgrading of the industrial structure,to support the development of the import and export trade,improve agricultural productivity and the social infrastructure.As China's market economic system and gradually improve the market system to further improve the dramatic changes in the original economic and social system,as the main part of the financial system,when large-scale reform in the financial system,financial policy also needs further reform,especially the policy of financial business with the market change gradually disappearing,and the market need to supplement the content of new financial policy.In this case,China's policy finance started a reform after 2004.But in the reform process and results,decision makers because not fully aware of the importance of financial policy,starting from the banking industry itself to improve the operating efficiency of the angle,began to try the commercialization reform of the policy bank.Although the reform of the policy bank's business conditions have improved in the short term,but also gave birth to the policy financial institutions set up its initial mission to deviate from the fundamental policy of reform,for the subsequent development of financial institutions to re positioning foreshadowed.Although the state has re defined the National Development Bank as "development bank",the impact of commercialization is still obvious.In China's economy has entered a new norm,"13th Five-Year" plan to achieve a comprehensive well-off society in 2020,and at this stage of the income distribution system to solve the distance between the rich and the poor is still very difficult to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.As an effective means of regulating income distribution,policy banks should play their due role.With the development of the domestic and foreign financial policy and practice,through the investigation of the three policy banks that China Development Bank,Exim Bank of China,Agricultural Development Bank,China economy optimization and upgrading of industrial structure,export trade,economic growth and influence of income gap between urban and rural residents in more than 20 years,summarized its main based on the investigation of characteristics,advantages and disadvantages in the process of its development,put forward new proposals for further policy banks in China the next step of reform,in order to better play the function of policy finance assistance to vulnerable groups and the regulation of income distribution and promote the development of China's financial policy faster and better.The full text is divided into five parts.The first part is introduction.This paper mainly reviews the background and significance of the topic,analyzes the academic trends at home and abroad,and defines the relevant concepts.On this basis,the paper puts forward the difficulties,innovations and research methods.The second part expounds the development and practice of policy finance at home and abroad.Mainly to the United States,Japan,Brazil's policy of financial development and characteristics are summarized,summarizes the characteristics of foreign policy finance faces question and trend of development,and investigates the development and practice of financial policy in the China ancient,modern and contemporary period,focusing on the period of market economy in our financial policy the development of china.And on this basis,summed up the main characteristics of China's policy oriented financial development.The third part studies the influence of policy finance on China's economic growth.Mainly from the perspective of data analysis theory and policy influence on the export trade gold upgrade and optimize the industrial structure of our country,and constructs the theoretical analysis framework,using the related methods of statistics and econometrics of financial policy to promote the income gap between urban and rural residents in China's economic growth and its impact on empirical research.The fourth part mainly analyzes the problems existing in the development of China's policy based finance.In the aspect of system construction,our country's policy finance has some problems,such as imperfect laws and regulations,unscientific management mechanism,imperfect financing system and imperfect supervision and assessment system.In the business operation,the policy finance is ambiguous,the management objective is too general,the business scope is uncertain,and there are certain financial risks and so on.In the course of development,China's policy finance has the disadvantages of obvious credit gap,unavoidable moral hazard,increasing financing pressure and insufficient capital.In the aspect of system construction,China's policy finance still lacks the policy financial institutions of small and medium-sized enterprises,and the real housing policy financial institutions and regional development policy financial institutions have not been set up.The fifth part puts forward some policy suggestions on the development of China's policy finance.On the principle of policy finance system reform should follow the main financial policy irreplaceable principle,policy financial institutions function definition principle,promote the reform of the market synchronization principle,policy banks transformation of the principle of seeking truth from facts.In promoting the construction of policy oriented financial development,China's policy oriented finance should further strengthen the risk diversification mechanism,incentive and restraint mechanism and legal system construction.With regard to the construction of policy oriented finance,we should speed up the establishment of policy oriented housing banks,regional policy banks and policy related financial institutions for smes.At the same time,China's policy of financial development in the future should actively learn from the successful experience of foreign policy finance reform in the view of the reform of policy finance in China from a strategic and long-term perspective,in order to improve the operation mechanism of policy financial institutions and the level of market risk management.