Study On The Market-oriented Transformation Of Urban Rail Transit Enterprise

With the rapid development of China's urban rail transit business, how to achieve urban rail transit enterprise healthy and sustainable development, make it become the effective main body in the transport market, and effectively support the development of urban rail transport throughout the country of extraordinary scale thus fully meet China's current rapid urbanization progress in transport demand, it has become a hot issue in the current industry discussion. Establishing a research base scale by using theoretical research make enterprises in carrying out this work with the support of theoretical consideration standards, should be given adequate attention in transport Economics.Based on economic perspective, the target of market transformation of urban rail transit enterprises is the enterprise in the transportation market of urban rail transport, and the focus is on the cost of economics. In contrast with the financial research,transportation economic should not only strive for the possibility of greater profits from the operating costs angles, but also analyze the transaction cost from the perspective. Over the years, scholars have been concerned about the introduction of basic economics theories and cost analysis into the transport economics in order to make this special transport sector's economic analysis closer to the traditional economic paradigm. And it has become the basic idea of this dissertation.Based on urban rail transit enterprises, using the transport economics theory,transaction cost theory, property rights theory and triggering an "externality" problem,government regulation theory, behavioral economics theory and on the basis of urban rail transit planning and management mode, organizational management mode, primary production business model and financing model, taking existing TNFS framework proposed mode of transport based on market analysis, this dissertation has built a spectrum analysis model and element research framework model from the perspective of enterprise. Using the method of spectrum analysis, the dissertation has compared the marketization depth of eight urban rail transit enterprises and estimated the direction of marketization of Shenzhen metro for 18 years. Using three-element model and basing on the case of Shenzhen metro, the dissertation analyze the comprehensive effect of three elements and the specific path of marketization of enterprise transformation with time series. On the basis of this analysis, the dissertation also put forward the corresponding policies recommended.The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:Firstly, the dissertation systematically reviews the results of previous studies,concludes that the original transport systems are more emphasis on the analysis of economic entities and their relationships in transport market, a business-oriented behavioral characteristics analysis need to be further enriched; through system of transport markets, further analysis of the behavior of enterprises also have the choice of further explored space. Integrated paper believes that the behavior of the selected view to analyzing deepen the study of urban rail transport enterprises existing in marketizing transition mode of behavior and conditions.Secondly, on the basis of analysis in urban rail transportation enterprise technical and economic characteristics, and on a consolidated basis the domestic rail transportation business marketizing operation of the research results, the dissertation found that the current urban rail transport enterprises in commercial operation, in the direction in which choose to implement a breakthrough commercial operation and determine its path implementation aspects, practice as much, theoretical models has not yet formed, namely the establishment of the framework of the paradigm of marketizing operation of such enterprises to give theoretical guidance of space still exists .Thirdly, the dissertation constructed the marketization transformation spectrum mode of urban rail transit enterprises and created the marketization transformation curve by using spectrum analysis tools, making it them as the primary tool of researching depth and direction of market-oriented transformation of enterprises. Using Transport Economics and location theory, transaction cost theory, property rights theory and triggered an "externality" problem, government regulation theory, spectrum mode, TNFS framework, focusing on observation of urban rail transport enterprises in the four layer entity level, that were "networks and facilities", "equipment and service layer", "corporate and organizational level" and "policy and institutional level", the dissertation build urban rail transport companies' technology -Business Boundary and Organization- Policy research framework. In itemizing three factors' contents, selected on the basis of mutual relationships at the same time, it explained the derivative relationship between the frame and the TNFS frame. It pointed out that this framework could be used as urban rail transport enterprises in marketizing operation attempts reference coordinates.Fourthly, the dissertation analyzed the depth of the marketization of typical urban rail transit enterprises and judged the market direction of Shenzhen metro by using the marketization transformation spectrum mode. At the same time, the dissertation also analyzed the pecific statement and the effects on the depth and direction caused by three types of unconventional business including Line network subsidiary resources development, line network derivatives business and new areas of business.Fifthly, the argument for Shenzhen Metro Line 8 up to eight years, the dissertation fully applied the technology -Business Boundary and Organization- Policy research framework to confirm that the enterprise Select the behavior is not a single production technology combination, but the combined effect of the frame in three above.Sixthly, according to different sequential combination of the three element, the dissertation described the three specific path of urban rail transit enterprises market transformation and analyzed the impact on the depth through the different path.Finally, in the policy recommendations of the view, the urban rail transit business to marketizing operation is an important way to achieve sustainable development. Using this model to achieve the development goals of their own businesses, the enterprise should selected a specific manner consistent with its own characteristics by accurately determining the initial state before the enterprise transformation, using the frame of technology-Business Boundary and Organization- policy. Although the specific product selection and mode of operation may be different, the core standard mode by selecting the same time into consideration, by this way enterprises choose to take advantage of three ways, choose the lowest-cost path, including the effective use of new technologies,reasonable adjustments to the organizational structure, business accurately set the boundary, select the necessary policy breakthroughs, and ultimately operating costs,transaction costs lowest goals. At the same time, government support of this model could also enterprises in the stalk into the conduct of policy options to achieve the necessary business deregulation, including the relaxation of the opening of new technologies,opening up new business models and price controls.