| When China cancelled the welfare housing distribution system and implement housing commercialization reform from 1998, under the joint action of various forces,although the state has been regulated, but house prices have been rising all the way.When proposed property tax since 2003 to January 28, 2011, the introduction of the property tax began in Shanghai and Chongqing, by 2015 mentioned the real estate tax, its essence is the same,are reserved for the housing sector to retain the housing tax,the purpose is to change the housing to retain links to the situation of abnormal taxes, inhibit residential speculation by suppressing the demand to stabilize prices. Starting from the assumption of the proposed property tax, the debate on whether the taxation of housing levies is reasonable and effective has not stopped. This paper analyzes the causes of the real estate market in China, the basis of the real estate tax and the general function of the real estate tax in the test results of the test at the same time, drawing on the experience of overseas countries and regions, put forward the functional positioning of China's real estate tax and framework design recommendations, trying to solve China's real estate tax"should not levy", "why levy", "how to levy" and other issues.The theoretical significance of this paper is as follows:First, help deepen the understanding of China's asset, bubble and real estate bubble.This paper starts from the hypothesis of "asset shortage", and the shortage of assets in our country has caused the asset bubble and the asset bubble, which has led to the real estate bubble in our country. At present, the emergence of China's real estate bubble is inevitable, and its existence is also long-term, its existence and existence both with the housing of their own various attributes, but also China's economic reality support.Second; help to clarify the need for the introduction of. real estate tax in China. This paper demonstrates in detail the necessity of the introduction of real estate tax, discusses the seriousness of the problems in China from the aspects of regulating the real estate bubble, improving the local government's fiscal revenue and adjusting the income distribution, and the advantage of the existing tax system and the advantage of the real estate tax. Analysis and demonstration of the importance of real estate tax in China.Third, help to understand the nature and function of real estate tax. Real estate tax is based on the housing tax as the basis and the core of the housing, land and other taxes and fees to simplify the merger in the housing to maintain a unified collection of taxes, so its short term similar to Shanghai, Chongqing, the pilot property tax, similar long-term We pay property tax such as land transfer fee.The practical significance of this paper is as follows:First, help to introduce real estate tax and provide theoretical support. It has been more than 13 years from "property tax" presented in 2003, the community holds a different point of view on whether to levy real estate tax from their interests. This paper analyzes the necessity of real estate tax levy and the role of real estate tax, providing the basis and theoretical support for the introduction of real estate tax.Second, help to implement the positioning of "housing is used to live, not used to fry", help to return to housing properties. Real estate tax is different from the real estate market supply control policy, which is the role of the real estate market in the demand side, affecting the expectations of house buyers, and then from the viewpoint of demand to achieve regulation. Real estate tax will help to improve the real estate market regulation and control mechanism to build a long-term mechanism of the real estate market, promoting the rational development of the real estate market.Third, provide recommendations for the design of China's real estate tax. From the perspective of China's economic and social situation, this paper puts forward the functional orientation of levy real estate tax in China at this stage. And in the specific principles and elements design, provide some suggestions.Real estate tax is generally considered to have the function of controlling house prices, increasing local government revenue, adjusting the general function of income distribution, this paper is mainly based on these three perspectives to carry out research,the specific framework is as follows:The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background,research significance, research methods, basic structure and main content, the innovation and deficiencies of this paper.The second chapter is the literature review part, introduce the domestic and overseas real estate tax related research and make the comment.The third chapter introduces the levy basis and general function of real estate tax.First introduce the basis of the real estate tax levying, and then introduce the general function of real estate tax and the action mechanism. The general function of the real estate tax mainly includes the regulating house prices, increasing local government revenue and the adjusting income distribution.Chapter 4: Analysis on the effect of real estate tax in China. The first section is the empirical analysis of real estate tax regulation housing prices; then the analyze the real estate tax to increase local government revenue and adjust the income distribution effect;the fourth section analyzes the Shanghai and Chongqing pilot real estate tax and the existing problems.Chapter 5: the functional position and basic basis of levying real estate tax in China.Firstly, it introduces the functional position of the real estate tax levied in China. Then, it points out the necessity of levying real estate tax from the point of regulating house price,land finance and adjusting income distribution, and analyze the price of real estate tax is the basic basis for the levy.Chapter 6 introduces the implementation of real estate tax and the experience of typical countries and regions. First introduce the implementation of the real estate tax in the United States, South Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, China and the functional orientation,and then introduce the experience of typical national and regional real estate tax, and put forward the experience of real estate tax when we need to test our country's national conditions.Chapter 7: China's real estate tax system framework design. The first section is China's real estate tax design principles, we need to distinguish between short-term and long-term design adhere to different principles. The second section is the real estate tax system arrangement, the third section of the specific design of real estate tax.Chapter 8: Conclusion. The paper summarizes the whole paper.This article may have the innovations:First,from a number of angles systematically demonstrate the necessity of the real estate tax introduction. This paper discusses the inevitability and long-term nature of the real estate bubble in China from the perspective of asset shortage, discusses the formation of the real estate bubble from the perspective of multiple properties of housing and can not rely on the market to adjust itself, and then from the angle of adjusting the local real estate bubble, increasing the local government revenue and adjusting the income distribution to analyze that real estate tax has the advantage, expounding the necessity of the real estate tax introduction.Second, in the real estate tax control housing price effect measurement analysis, this article examined the impact of the property tax pilot expansion for the first time, in the study of real estate tax on the role of housing prices in the empirical analysis of the article, have not yet considered the property tax pilot expansion expected impact. The property tax pilot expansion is expected to be included in the measurement framework,with the property tax pilot expansion is expected to examine the role of real estate tax expectations. And use 35 large and medium cities monthly panel data, using DID method to jointly study the property tax, purchase policy, property tax expansion is expected to effect on the effect of housing prices. At the same time, test the first, second and third tier cities, achieving the effect of the three policies in different levels of cities. The contradiction of the real estate market structure is well considered.The results show that the property tax in Chongqing has a significant effect on the control of housing prices, but the effect is little. Shanghai real estate tax has little significant effect on the regulation of house prices; purchase policy only has a significant role in housing prices in three-tier cities. Real estate expansion is expected to have a significant effect on controlling Shenzhen, Guangzhou housing prices, but the role of Hangzhou is not obvious, this is due to the overall price of housing in 2012, the overall decline in the market speculation in the market speculation less, housing stocks are gradually absorbed digestion and reach a lower level, so the market is not sensitive to the introduction of real estate tax. Real estate tax is also expected to have a significant role in regulating prices. The role of the real estate tax is the actual effect of the implementation,and real estate tax is expected to use the role of market participants on the real estate tax ahead of the time, the real estate tax is expected to exclude some of the defects in the design, which can better measure the role of real estate tax. Overall, China's real estate tax and real estate tax is expected to have a significant effect on the regulation of housing prices, but the effect will be affected by many factors, the more speculative behavior, the more serious the bubble, the higher the housing stock of the city, the better effect of real estate tax regulation of housing prices.The lack of this article is mainly because in the current stage only Shanghai and Chongqing have property tax pilot, and the introduction of two property tax is more to"system ice", the specific settings exist the "narrow tax base, low tax rate" and other issues, so the empirical test results are likely to underestimate the actual effect of real estate tax effect. At the same time, due to the limitations and time constraints of the data,there is no simulation of the property tax in individual cities. As the real estate tax is still in the legislative stage, there is no valid data, and the effect of the real estate tax adjustment income distribution is not measured. |
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