Fluid Dynamics Model Based Deployment Technology Research For Wireless Sensor Networks

Node deployment is an important area in wireless sensor networks.The target of node deployment strategy is to enhance fault tolerance and load balancing.An optimized deployment strategy can improve network performance and extend the network life cycle and reduce the cost of network deployment.Node deployment is a difficult problem,especially in complex deployment environment is particularly prominent.This paper applies fluid dynamic model in the deployment of wireless sensor networks.Firstly,we use the ideal fluid model based on position information to study the deployment.To compensate for ideal fluid model problem of poor connectivity,and studied nodes deployment of the three-dimensional network using a non-conservative viscous fluid model.Comparing to the ideal fluid model,viscous fluid model achieves a better deployment effect.However,both the ideal fluid model and viscous fluid model are centralized deployment strategy,which is unfavorable to the load balance and prolong lifetime of the network.This paper finally puts forward a fluid model distributed node deployment algorithm based on improved fish swarm.Saving node consumption and prolonging lifetime of the network.Simulation results show that this deployment strategy can achieve a higher degree of coverage,and better complete the deployment of the target area.The main contents and innovations are as follows:(1)For two-dimensional wireless sensor networks,we put forward a deployment algorithm based on position information using ideal fluid model,the wireless sensor network abstract as ideal fluid,then the mobile process of node deployment follow the laws of physics fluid particle.The deployment strategy is evaluated by degree of coverage and uniform coverage,and the entire deployment process is simulated.Comparing to virtual force algorithm,experiment results show that deployment algorithm based on position information using ideal fluid model achieved better results;(2)Considering lack of connectivity problems in the process of network deployment using ideal fluid model based on position information,then research the network deployment using the viscous fluid model,and considering the complexity of the actual environment in the deployment process,especially the influence of topography,landscape(viscous resistance).We put forward a self-deployment algorithm based on the non-conservative viscous fluid model for three-dimension sensor networks.Compared to the ideal fluid model,deployment effect is improved;(3)For three-dimensional underwater wireless sensor networks,combined with the fish swarm algorithm,we put forward a fluid model distributed node deployment algorithm based on improved fish swarm for underwater sensor networks.The algorithm adapts to the application environment of underwater sensor networks,in this algorithm,underwater sensor nodes are treated as artificial fish and viscous fluid,and the event is considered as the food of artificial fish.The deployment process of the network node,thus it can be considered as the fluid to move independently to complete the process of self deployment and artificial fish looking for food.Designs a specific algorithm for dynamic events,and has conducted the simulation research.This algorithm is a distributed deployment,better to extend the network life cycle,disperse the node power consumption;(4)For harsh,unknown deployment environment,this paper extract topography and height information from high resolution satellite map in deployment area,and then use the deployment algorithm for virtual deployment in the satellite map.The simulation results show that,by using the satellite map for virtual node deployment,which can be close to the real situation for evaluate the performance of the deployment algorithm.In addition,prior to the actual deployment node virtual pre-deployment,and plan ahead the deployment strategy based on the results of the virtual deployment,estimated the cost of deployment,to provide data reference for deployment in a real environment,while reducing deployment costs.In this paper,simulation results agree with theory analysis,confirming the validity and reliability of theoretical calculation and analysis.It also verifies the superiority of the fluid dynamics model based deployment scheme in this paper.Finally,it makes a beneficial exploration for researching node deployment in wireless sensor networks.