Investigations On Integration Technology In Microwave And Millimeter-Wave Systems

Investigations on the integration technology in microwave and millimeter-wave circuits and systems are of great significance to the development of high speed wireless communication, satellite remote sensing, medical detection, radio astronomy and other fields. The integration technology of System on Package (SoP) combines passive components with high performance and microwave and millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits into a common package, which is the most feasible and applicable system-level integration technology in the present stage. Thus studies on passive components with easy integrated structures and microwave and millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits have become the main topics of current integration researches in microwave and millimeter-wave systems. In this dissertation, microwave and millimeter-wave antenna arrays, Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) and Retrodirective Antenna (RDA) arrays are studied, as well as microwave and millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits. The main contributions of this dissertation are as follows:Chapter One focuses on the studies of 45° polarized SIW slot array antennas with dual-fed network. First, a 45° polarized SIW slot array antenna with differential dual-fed network is proposed. Due to the match terminations with the dual-fed network, the proposed antenna array can achieve an enhanced bandwidth performance while maintaining a stable broadside radiation. A filtering structure is integrated into the feeding network, in case that the proposed antenna array generate an out-of-band difference beam. Then another 45° polarized SIW slot array antenna with balanced dual-fed network is proposed. The proposed antenna array is formed along the normal direction of the SIW transmission line using meandering structure, which turns the differential feeding network into balanced feeding network. Both of the proposed antenna arrays are designed and fabricated for 24GHz vehicle radar applications, which experimentally verified the studies of this chapter. Part of the studies in this chapter has been published in EuCAP 2015 and part of the studies has been submitted to ISAP 2015.Chapter Two focuses on the studies of compact stacked patch array antennas. First, a cross-polarization suppressed patch array antenna is proposed. The proposed compact structure with the patches connected can turn the electric-field coupled symmetry into current connected symmetry, reduce the environmental disturbance on radiation symmetry, lower the cross-polarized radiation around the corners, and enhance the cross-polarization suppression effect. This approach continues in larger array, in which the suppression effect is verified by simulation. Then a circularly polarized patch array antenna with high gain and compact size is proposed, using a modified four-port antenna structure and sequential phase-shift feeding technique. Both of the proposed antenna arrays are designed and fabricated for 24GHz vehicle radar applications, which experimentally verified the studies of this chapter. The studies of this chapter are going to publish in IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett.Chapter Three focuses on the studies of SIW passive RDA arrays. First, a SIW passive RDA array with polarization rotation property is proposed. The proposed passive RDA array can be used in millimeter-wave frequency band and avoid the reflection interference from the metal surface of SIW structure by polarization isolation. A simplified design method, calibration procedure and measurement setup for the proposed RDA array is also proposed. Then a passive RDA array with SIW shifters integrated is proposed. In this proposed passive RDA array, phase condition of the connecting network is controlled by both the length and the width of the transmission lines, leading to a compact structure. Both of the proposed passive RDA arrays are designed and fabricated, which experimentally verified the studies of this chapter. The studies of this chapter have been published in IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. and international conference IEEEIWS 2015.Chapter Four focuses on the studies of polarization rotating reflective FSS with L-shape slotted periodic structure. First, slot resonance perturbed by the cavity and the cavity resonance perturbed by the slots in the single L-shape slotted periodic structure are introduced, contributing to distinguish two co-polarized reflection coefficient zeros. Simulations are performed to verify the proposed explanation and qualitative relationships between reflection coefficient zeros and the dimensions are obtained. Then, a polarization rotating reflective FSS with double L-shape slotted periodic structure is proposed. The proposed FSS can achieve an enhanced frequency selectivity by generating another cross-polarized reflection coefficient zero in the stopband with coplanar waveguide mode in parallel slots structure. Analysis and simulations are performed to verify the explanation. A polarization rotating reflective FSS with double L-shape slotted periodic structure is designed and fabricated for 35GHz satellite applications, which experimentally verified the studies of this chapter. The studies of this chapter are going to publish in IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett.Chapter Five focuses on the studies of GaAs microwave and millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits. A K-band voltage controlled oscillator with differential output is designed and measured, which can cover 19.18% frequency bandwidth with a good phase noise performance. A K-band low noise amplifier is designed and measured, which can provide a gain of 34dB and a noised figure better than 3.6dB within 20-30GHz. K-band power amplifiers with single output or differential output and K-band multimode power amplifier are designed and measured. Q-band high power amplifiers using direct power combining structure or balanced structure are designed and measured, the highest output power in Q-band can reach up to 1 Watt.