On Contemporary Undergraduates' Collectivism Education

“Collective” is a political and philosophical concept in collectivism context,and is the basic form of social being for a human being.“Collective” involves “false collective”,“true collective” and “realistic collective”.Collectivism refers all the words and deeds conform to communism value requirements and ethical principles of the broad masses of the people's collective interests.Its connotation can be understood in three aspects: morality,value-relation and value cognition and selection.Firstly,it covers the spirit of self-abnegation,altruism,devotion and sacrifice at the morality aspect.Secondly,it includes the unity of personal interests and collective interests,the unity of long-term interests and temporary interests,and the unity of overall interests and partial interests at the value-relation aspect.Thirdly,it involves value cognition and selection in different categories: public and private,righteousness and profit,material and spirit,self and society,and so on.Collectivism extends to revolution collectivism,collectivism under the condition of socialism market economy and communism collectivism.Collectivism is the main part of Marxist theory and the essential attribute of socialism.It is totally different from the simple holism in primitive society,the holism of republican form in Ancient Greek and Ancient Rome and the feudal patriarchal collectivism in China.Modern capitalist Rousseau's “general will”,Hegel's “state general will” and Utopian socialism cannot be called collectivism.According to the existing theory of collectivism in this dissertation,collectivism education is Marxist ideological education and is education on collectivism theory and thought,opposite to individualism.After all,it is value and morality education of collectivism.The key and premise of correct understanding and positioning contemporary undergraduates' collectivism education is to be aware of the misunderstanding before reform and opening and to know the new circumstances undergraduates growing after reform and opening in order to adapt to the new features of their ideology development.Collective and individual antithetically exist in dialectical unification relation in connotation of collectivism,and collectivism adjusts the contradictory relation from level of morality and value.In the revolutionary war period and at the exploratory stage of socialist construction,because of the revolution and construction needs,revolutionary collectivism education emphasized to put collective first,and collective was lifeline,individual must obey collective,and personal interests must obey collective interests.However,in the primary stage of socialism focusing on economic development,especially under the condition of socialist marketing economy,man's primary status generally promotes,and individual needs get prevalent booming.Contemporary undergraduate collectivism education should follow the general rule of virtue education,and is mutual interaction between subjects of education.Students are participants and undertaker in this education which fully respects their dominant role.Meanwhile,contemporary undergraduate collectivism education should also obey the special rule of undergraduate ideological and political education,pay attention to the output of ideology and respect the leading position of teachers during education.On account of those points,this research defines contemporary undergraduate collectivism education as a process to adapt socialist marketing economy and undergraduate's realistic need in physical and mental development;to abide by the rules of undergraduate ideological and political education;to guide student to form collectivism behavior habit gradually through cognition,emotion and willpower education systematically,based on fully respecting their subjectivity and personalized development.Contemporary undergraduate collectivism education got sufficient theory resources.Led by the Party,contemporary undergraduate collectivism education has achieved brilliant historical accomplishment in the stage of new-democratic revolution,socialist revolution and the exploring stage of socialism construction.However,there is also profound lesson.Since reform and opening-up,contemporary undergraduate collectivism education has experienced a winding course of introspection,negation and negation of negation.At last,new achievements of education theory under socialism marketing economy come into being,and get continually improvement and development in practice.In the new historical period,contemporary undergraduate collectivism education is faced with many new challenges like globalization,information,multicultural trend and profound social transformation and there is also a variety of deficiencies in the process of subjective cognition and education.To strengthen contemporary undergraduate collectivism education and promote its effectiveness,it is necessary to adhere to combine general regulations of moral education and special rules of collectivism ideological education;and to seek countermeasures starting with four fields of cognition,emotion,will and behavior,constantly raising the theory and approach cognition.Besides,it is important to pay attention to contemporary undergraduate collectivism emotion and will cultivation,to build the sense of belonging and honor in group activity,to train their willpower,and to overcome the common problem--weak self-control.We should enhance undergraduate collective construction,focus on the new type development,attach importance to a range of collective activities like student military training,raising national flag,sports meeting and labor value of the week,continually optimize the system of reward and punishment and strengthen the network guidance,in order to promote the formation of undergraduate collectivism behavior habit.