| The short-track speed skating possesses both unique feature and specialized physical fitness training characteristic of itself.The specialized physical fitness training has already become the core element in sports training of short-track speed skating events,which gradually come to be a heated issue in research and progressingly importance has been attached by coaches and athletes.South Korea is represened as a great power of speed skating which has cultivated a group of world-class outstanding athletes especially in short-track event,developing into advanced training theory and method with its own unique and scientific.This study illustrates a comprehensive comparative research based on the short-track specialized physical fitness trainging between China and South Korea which in order to summarize both specialized physical fitness training experiences,explore the characteristics and differences,analyse advantages and disadvantages,and to learn from the reference of advanced theory and method which use to improve and enhance our theory and method of specialized physical fitness training.It must play an important role in promoting sports training standard,delivering excellent achievement and cultivating more of the world-class outstanding athletes of speed skating events in China.Moreover,it must has great significance in both theoretical and practical value on incresaingly integral standard,fulfilling“winter sports powerful nation”as soon as we can,enhancing the leading power influence and preparing for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.The study investigates the related issues of specialized physical fitness training in short-track speed skating events between China and South Korea.The subjects chosen from each country were national sports athletes who had experienced the 2010-2014 long-term plan for the Olympic cycle.The characteritics of specialized physical fitness training theory in short-track speed skating events are concluded according to the method of literature and expert interview;The current status,characteristic and regular pattern of specialized physical fitness training in short-track speed skating events are obtained according to the method of questionnaire,expert interview and mathematical statistics.The otherness,merits and faults and the exchanged experience to each other of specialized physical fitness training in short-track speed skating events are explored according to the method of comparative study and logical analysis;Evaluating the training characteristics and development trend of specialized physical fitness training in the Asian short-track speed skating events which represented by China and South Korea.And it also reveals training development of our speed skating event in the future and the theoretical references and practical applications are provided for better improving training standard of speed skating event in our country.The conclusions are as follows:1,in the speed of skating short-range project special physical training in South Korea's training concept is more diversified and professional,China's training concept focused on targeted and planned;Korean coach's training concept of strong,multi-level,complementary Strong,weak variable;Chinese coaches training concept of weak stability,less level,complementarity is weak,variable and strong.China's training objectives to the Korean Olympic Games as the overall goal,South Korea's training objectives to the annual competition as the overall goal;China's training,the training objectives of the two countries,The goal of setting the cycle training theory as the main basis,South Korea's training objectives to develop plate cycle training theory as the basis.2,China's special physical training cycle to 4 years Olympic cycle as a fundamental,highlighting the continuity of the Olympic cycle training,South Korea special physical training cycle to the annual cycle,highlighting the volatility of annual training;Chinese athletes throughout the year training load The average weight of Korean athletes is 15% higher than that of Chinese athletes,and the average load intensity is higher than that of Chinese athletes by 10% on average.Korean athletes special physical monitoring and restoration rely on professional laboratory and athlete initiative Self-management and arrangement,the Chinese athletes in the sports teams and coaches unified management and arrangement,the athletes themselves are relatively passive.3.The difference between China and South Korea is that they have the same target essence of the specialized physical fitness traning in the short-track speed skate event.However,the training target in South Korea is comparatively refinement with that of that in China;The training content of the specialized has been concentrated on the specialized skating training,but the training in South Korea is comprehensiveness and richness;The specialized physical fitness training in China mainly takes a 4-years round of Olympic cycle as criterion which emphasize the continuity of the Olympic cyclical training while South Korea takes a 1-year round period as criterion which emphasize the volatility of annual training.The total intensity load of annual training on Chinese athletes is averagely 20% higher than it on South Korean athletes,the amount of specialized fitness training on South Korean athletes is averagely 15% below China and the intensity of specialized training load is averagely 10% higher than China.In South Korea,the specialized physical fitness training methods is not only prosperous,strong comprehensiveness,but strong fundamentality.The training methods in South Kroea have devided into 5 categories and 12 specific events.On the contrary,the training methods in China is relatively unitary which have not been forming systematical method.The monitoring and recovery of athletes specialized physical fitness of South Korean rely on specialized laboratories,athletes' self-management and arrangements is positive.Chinese athletes rely on unified management and arrangement of their coaches and themselves,so the outcome is relatively passive.4.The characteristic of specialized physical fitness training in short-track speed skating event in South Korea depends on the event pertinence of training target and the centrality of the intensity of traning load.And its advantage has lied on the richness and systematicness of training content and method,and the training method has come into top-down system theory.The characteristic of the specialized physical fitness training in China is to insist on a 4-years round training pattern,and its advantages rely on collective training and management.The flaws is that the system is not uniformly.5.The specialized physical fitness training theory and methodology of the short-track speed skating in South Korean has already become maturation system which has been identified successfully.Its worthy of reference is that the systematic of training contents and methods and the centralization of the intensity of training load.The specialized physical training in our country embodies advantages and disadvantages and there is no matured scientific system.Intergrating the advantages and disadvantages of specialized physical fitness training between both countries which can be formed with Asian characteristics of specialized physical fitness training theory and methodology and then leading Asian advanced theories of speed skating training in the future.6.The both countries have been existing distinct difference on the training of the short-track speed skating,it indicates that the feature is entirely different.The comparative research on specialized physical fitness training could provide with an enlightment function in the future.The enlightment is that the action effect must be paid attention,and the functional skill will become a core of training.Meanwhile,the core power training must be added which could be innovation field of training.According to the national real situation which focusing on the construction of training mode,aerobic and anaerobic training would be integrated through the training,the training effect would be focused on the short-track events,and the high intensity training will certainly be the training trends in the future. |
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