Present Situation And Development Prospects Of Short Track Speed Skating And Speed Skating Simultaneous Training In China

In order to expand the reserve talent team for short track speed skating and speed skating,we will fully prepare for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.The state has introduced a series of policies to promote the development of winter sports such as “Turning inline skating into ice skating” and “Cross-term talented selection”.Guided by policy,the short track speed skating and speed skating national team,the training team and some domestic provincial and municipal professional sports teams began to try the simultaneous training by learning from the successful experience of foreign athletes Jorien ter Mors and Shani Davis,and to participate in domestic competitions for both sports.However,through a survey of some sports teams,athletes and coaches still have not found an effective way to improve the efficiency of simultaneous training,and they are also struggling in the choice of the relationship between the main and sub-items of the athletes.Therefore,this paper uses the literature data method,the questionnaire survey method,the expert interview method,the logical induction,and the method and mathematical statistics method to base on the short-track speed skating and speed skating training theory research.Through the investigation of training practice and theoretical analysis,to explore the competitive ability and training practice rules in depth;Number of registered athletes,competition management system,evaluation of simultaneous training by short-track speed skating and speed skating coaches of professional teams in China,clarifying the current situation of domestic short-track speed skating and speed skating and drawing on the successful experience of foreign simultaneous training athletes to discusses that how short-track speed skater to choice between the main and sub-items,and tries to find out the problems and influences factors in the development of short-track speed skating and speed skating simultaneous training based on the advice of domestic high-level coaches and related experts,and to make suggestions for development.For consolidate the reserve talent base of the short track speed skating and speed skating,broaden the athlete's development channels,enhance athletic ability to provide a reference.The main conclusions are:(1)Through the analysis of the theory and practice of short track speed skating and speed skating training,although the two sports have different aspects in the competition rink,competition system,equipment,technology,etc.,the simultaneous training is feasible and scientific under certain conditions.Under the premise of proper training methods,it is helpful to improve the athletes' competitive ability and form a technical complementary advantage.(2)For the short track speed skaters,the current popular athletic ability and technology cannot effectively train the speed skating short distance project in a short time,but for the long distance of speed skating,group chase and group departure,etc.The simultaneous training requires short-track speed skaters to have excellent sports intelligence,outstanding aerobics,speed and strength endurance,excellent body coordination and balance,good explosive power and straight glidingability.(3)Through the investigation,only some speed skating coaches and a small number of short track speed skating trainers perform simultaneous training for athletes.Although most coaches expressed their willingness to try,they still did not take action.(4)The current training content,methods and means of short-track speed skating and speed skating coaches are mainly in a single field,lacking the concept and thinking of “amphibious” training.Therefore,even if they are conscious of engaging in simultaneous training,they will feel powerless.(5)The lack of a diversified management competition system,the traditional concept of a strong competition environment and division of labor and the lack of motivation of the talent delivery mechanism,to a certain extent hinder the development and implementation of simultaneous training.The main recommendations:(1)For athletes who have been engaged in speed skating for more than 3 years,they should continue to use speed skating as the main item,and through the training of short track speed skating curve technology,tactical system and competition psychology,all aspects of athletes' athletic ability can be improved.(2)For the choice between the main and sub-items of the short track speed skater,the coach should focus on selecting the "ice feeling",the sports memory ability is strong,the athlete's body is even,the aerobic ability is outstanding,the curve gliding technology is mature,excellent straight gliding ability to perform simultaneous training.The speed skating is the main item,and the short track speed skating is the sub-item.(3)For the competition management department,the “double-track system” evaluation,assessment,reward and delivery system for short-track speed skating and speed skating should be formulated to enable the coaches to implement the idea of simultaneous training.(4)For coaches' teaching ability,they should cultivate their "amphibious" training concept and establish a two-way training group for short track speed skating and speed skating coaches to integrate the training methods,contents,measures and skills of the two sports.Excellent coaches with theoretical foundation and learning ability could be selected to study and communicate with the Netherlands and the United States.