Research On The Impact Of Social Capital On The Citizenization Of Heterogeneous Landless Peasants

With the continuous development of our economy,China's urbanization rate and urbanization process has been increasing rapidly,and the number of landless peasants in our country has also been increasing.According to "Urban Blue Book" published by the Chinese academy of social sciences in 2013,which predicted that by 2030,there will be about 390 million landless peasants need to realize their citizenship.From the process of the citizenization of landless peasants in the past 30 years,the citizenization process need to be improved.In particular,a large number of landless peasants failed to psychologically accept and agree with their citizenship,in another word,citizenization is "materialization" rather than a true "humanization".In view of this,from the perspective of social capital,this paper aims to examine the impact of social capital on landless peasants' behaviors,citizenization process and results.Firstly,based on the theory of precautionary savings,this study derives a theoretical model about financial behavior decision of landless peasants through social capital and makes empirical test on four different types of financial income of landless peasants' measurement model by means of 1581 effective samples.The conclusions are as follows: high-quality social capital has significant positive impact on four different types of financial income of landless peasants,low-quality social capital has no impact on passive financial income of landless peasants whereas has significant negative impact on positive landless peasants.Financial inertia of landless peasants has significant promotion on financial benefit.Non-financial savings of landless peasants have significant restraining effect on financial benefits.Finance costs have significant negative effects on all passive landless peasants,partial passive landless peasants and active part of financial income of landless peasants,but have no significant has significant negative effect on financial income of passive landless peasants,whereas has significant positive impact on the financial benefit of initiative landless peasants.Secondly,Based on the group engagement model,this article systematically integrates the micro psychological mechanism on which social capital of landless farmers influences the process of citizenization and the mechanism of citizenization process with the influence of heterogeneity,carries out empirical analysis with 1155 valid samples using the method of multiple regression,and finds out as follows: social capital has significant positive effects on the landless farmers' identity and long-term sense of belonging,but it also has significant negative impacts on their way of life;the identity of landless farmers has significant mediating effects on the social capital and process of citizenization;social capital has differential effects on the citizenization process of heterogeneity landless farmers.Thirdly,making Landless peasants as the starting point,the study considers the impact of human capital,social capital and government institutional arrangements on the living standards of different landless peasants and makes empirical analysis to 1518 field survey sample by means of binary Logit model.The conclusions are as follows: Firstly,gender,age,education level and landless time have different effects on living standards of different properties.Secondly,regional economic differences have different effects on living standards of different types of landless peasants,but it can not fully explain the difference between the living standards of landless peasants.Thirdly,except for the insignificant impact of human capital on partial landless peasants,it has significant positive impact on other types of landless peasants.Fourthly,social capital only has positive impact on living standard of all active landless peasants and has no impact on living standard of other types of landless peasants.Fifthly,government institutional arrangements have a positive effect on the improvement of living standard of active landless peasants.However,government institutional arrangements have a significant negative impact on the living standards of passive landless peasants.In addition,based on the conclusion of the study,this article puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on accelerating the landless farmers' citizenization process from the aspect of hierarchical management,differentiated placement and landless peasants' heterogeneity.