The Function Of Power Distribution: The Pattern Of Difference Sequence Of Social Security System Of China

Through reviewing the previous market transition theory and the debates, we can find out that the focus of debates on the market transition theory is the return of the political and human capital, that’s to say, the economic benefit is the function of the political and human capital, which mean two different logics. The logic of return of the political capital is related to the socialism redistribution and the one of human capital is related to the market. However, the previous studies pay attention mainly to the effect of the two capitals on the initial distribution and lose sight of the effect on redistribution, which lead to two flaws on the explanation of the market transtiton theory. One is that taking individual initial income as the exclusive criterion without redistribution can’t describe the reality of social stratification, the other is that neglect of the redistribution return can’t fully explain the change of the redistribution power around the reform and may also underestimate the effect of the redistribution power on income during the market reform. In order to analyse better the income distribution mechanism during the market reform, the research will analyse the reditribution mechanism of China on the base of the market transition theory.Social security system is the key redistribution mechanism in the society,which the research choose as the analysis object. The change history of Chinese social security coverage shows that the Chinese social security system presents the state of Chaxu-Geju which is the function of the power. In the framework of three market types by Szelenyi & Kostello, which are the local market in reditribution economy, the socialism mixed economy and the capitalistic economy, the research puts forward some alternative hypothesises from the view of the urban and rural society, public and private unit and social stratum, which are tested by the data from CGSS(2008)Through the empirical analysis, we have some following findings. Firstly, the effects of the political and human capital on the redistribution of Chinese social security agree with the Szelenyi & Kostello’s views, which is that the effects of the political and human capital vary across the different market types. The human capital has more effect on the redistribution in the district with the higher degree market development. Conversely, the political capital has more effect. Secondly, redistribution of the Chinese social security presents group phenomenon which is more relavant with political capital. Thirdly, the redistribution of the Chinese social security has little effect on narrowing the class differentiation, which only happens to the groups of the pubilc and private unit whose gap is originated from the initial income. However, the redistribution of the Chinese social security further expands the gap between the urban and rutal residents, especially the stratum and others, whose initial income is in bottom of social stratums.At last, the study discusses the reasons of Chinese social security formation on the base of result of empirical analsis. From the view of the legitimacy foundation combination of the authortarian regime (ideology, achievement and charismatic legitimacy), the study thinks the different legitimacy combination in different period is the main reason for the Chinese social security formation.