The Study Of Vocabulary In Jinbei Of Northern Shaanxi

Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect refers to the dialect with entering tone in the cities of Yulin and Yan'an,which cover the following areas:Yuyang district,Fugu,Shenmu,Jingbian,Hengshan,Jiaxuan,Mizhi,Wubao,Suide,Zizhou,Qingjian(the above areas belong to the city of Yulin),Baota district,Wuqi,Zhidan,Ansai,Zichang,Yanchuan,Yanchang,Ganquan(belong to the city of Yan'an).This paper selects the Chengguan dialect of the 19 districts and towns as the subject.By means of synchronic description,internal and external comparison,the discovery of feature words and substrata words,and the analysis of word formation,it reveals the characteristics and internal and external difference of the Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect lexicon,which provides lexical evidence for the internal division of the Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect.This paper includes six chapters.Chapter one introduces the geographical environment,history,characteristics and research status,values and research methods of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect.In the perspective of geography it focuses on the distribution of the rivers because the river plays an important role on the evolution of dialects in the mountain areas separated by gullies and ravines.Chapter two makes the internal and external comparison of the lexicon of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect.By comparison we found that Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect is part of the Jin dialect.Though the internal consistency is high in Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect,difference still exists.It can be divided into two large regions from the north to the south:the dialect of the northern area north of Qingjian and Zichang shows distinct features of Jin dialect and the dialect of the most northerly Shenfu district has close relation with Inner Mongolia Jin dialect;the dialect of the southern area south of Qingjian and Zichang is deep influenced by Central Plains Mandarin,especially the dialect of the River Luo area.From East to West,it can be roughly divided into three regions with regards to the lexicon of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect:the dialect of the area near the River in the east is more influenced by Shanxi Jin dialects and the dialect of the Yellow River bank area shows more consistency;the dialect of the area far from the River in the west is more influenced by Central Plains Mandarin;the dialect of the central area is less influcnced by other dialects.Finally the core area of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect is formed when longitudinally connected and transversely separated inside and transversely connected and longitudinally separated outside.In the areas outside of the core area,in terms of the lexicon,Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect shows less feature of Central Plains Mandarin and more feature of Jin dialect from the west to the east and from the south to the north.These are the key part of this paper.The following chapters,chapter three,four,five,and six,further prove the characteristics of the lexicon of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect and its internal and external difference from different perspectives.The high frequency words and scenery words show the characteristics of the lexicon of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect and its internal difference at the synchronic level and with case study;Ancient words reveal the substrata elements of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect from the diachronic perspective.We found that although difference exists within Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect at the synchronic level the consistency of the substrata elements overweighs the difference.Through the internal and external comparison of word formation we prove that Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect is part of Jin dialect and different from Central Plains Mandarin.The main points of this paper are:(i)Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect is a unique and old ancient dialect;(ii)Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect is an independent dialect;(iii)the research of the lexicon of Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect helps us make dialect division more objectively and provides evidence for phonetic division.Finally,with the research in this paper we divide Northern Shaanxi Jin dialect into four groups based on phonetics:1.Wutai group:Fugu,Shenmu,Mizhi,Suide,Zizhou,Zichang;2.Dabao group:Jingbian,Yulin,Hengshan;3.Luliang group:Jiaxian,Wubao,Qingjian,Yanchuan,south county of Shenmu(Wanzhen and Hejiachuan),River bank district of Suide(Hedi and Zaolinping);4.Zhiyan group:Yanchang,Wuqi,Zhidan,Ansai,Yan'an,Ganquan.