On The Affinity To The People In Chinese Modern Poetry Under The Perspective Of Marxist Literary Theory

Theories of Classical Marxist writers on the very nature of human beings, the relations between the literature and the people, literature and the production of literature and art, and the relations between the national literature and the world literature, constitute the complete thinking system of the affinity to the people of the Marxist theories on literature and art, and provide clear theoretical reference and practical guidance for both the formation, development, and improvement of Chinese modern poetry, and the art-oriented reform and popularity among the people of the affinity to the people of modem poetry.Chapter One mainly discusses the internal relations between the dissemination of Marxist theories on literature and art, and the formation of thoughts on the affinity to the people of Chinese modern poetry, investigates and sorts out explanations and remarks related to thoughts on "affinity to the people" of literature and art by classical Marxist writers, and discusses both reality and feasibility of communication, integration, and co-existence between the thoughts on "affinity to the people" of literature and art, and that of Chinese modern poetry. The dissemination of the Marxist thoughts on affinity to the people accords with the value judgment of modern Chinese people on national salvation and thinking transformation, and the aesthetic trend of modern Chinese poets, leading modem Chinese poets to successfully break the ethical dilemma and find out both spirit and cultural bearing of poetic culture. The question regarding "who the poets write for" has been ever since the watershed for value judgment between the old and new poetics, and the spiritual guidance of the Marxist thoughts on "affinity to the people" has ever since provided value judgment and theoretical ruler on poetics for the transfer of aesthetic expressions of modern Chinese poets.Chapter Two mainly discusses both cultural crisis and ethic speculation, particularly the emotional conversion and theoretical exploration aroused by the outlook on western poetics, faced by modern Chinese poets against the western cultural shock, and the dilemma of Chinese traditional poetics highlighted by the awakening national literature and the penetration and the wide spread of foreign cultures, the spiritual dilemma aroused by the social disturbance, the re-evaluation of poetry as carrier against the collision of both old and new cultures, and the value judgment of modern Chinese poetry against the global cultural collision. It's particularly noteworthy that the illumination of "writings are for conveying truth" in the Chinese traditional poetics lead to the profound revolution in poetics and the New Poetry Movement, and the spirit of the time, the human-based thoughts, and the awareness of mission of modern Chinese poetry has been therefore strengthened in the salvation of Chinese culture. Such illumination expresses the awakening of "awareness of the people" of modern Chinese poets in the process of Chinization of Marxist theories on literature and art, the cultural alertness, and the ethical considerations on poetics.Chapter Three mainly discusses that during the process of Chinization of Marxist thoughts on literature and art, modern Chinese poets played an active role in participating into the rebuilding of national culture and reform on poetic genres, before carrying out series of new thoughts on literature and art, facilitating the final establishment of the affinity to the people of modern Chinese poetry. The aesthetic features of poetics regarding the affinity to the people of modern Chinese poetry that have been proven in practice and closely related to the course of Chinese history, constitute the proposition in poetics unavoidable to modem Chinese poets in the ending period of the New Culture Movement. The spirit of the time, the awareness of the mission, and the pursuit of the value of such proposition, practiced in long-term writing of modern Chinese poets and culturally inherited, have been the spiritual orientation of modern Chinese poetics, and evolved into the spirit and the thinking dimension of modern Chinese poets.Chapter Four highlights the practice by the public of the affinity to the people of modern Chinese poetry. The modern Chinese poetry was the concentrated expression of social awareness, literary concepts, and aesthetic tastes of modern Chinese poets in peculiar temporal and spatial conditions. The form of such concentrated expression, in the ever-deepening social reforms, has been gradually unshackled from the existing genres of Chinese classical literature, and transformed, consciously or unconsciously, into a modernized yet vernacular one enjoyed by the public. The formation and development of modern Chinese poetry were deeply rooted in its sophisticated historic background, and closely related to the grand historic period when Chinese people fought with the feudal autocracy, launched the New Culture Movement, the Salvation Movement of Resistance Against Japan, and New-democratic Revolution. The requirement of being alive in real circumstances and the worry to the future of China and the Chinese Nation have brought up pioneers of the New Culture Movement, who, influenced by the Marxist thoughts on literature and art, played an active role in integrating with the grand era, participating into the living and revolutionary practice of the people, and thus to be mentally and emotionally nurtured by the people. All these pioneers led and influenced both mental and physical life of the people. With their unique prospective on literature and art and talented writing, modern Chinese poets innovated the writing structure of modern Chinese poetry, optimized the connotation of the new poetry, and expanded the external space of the new poetry. The writing and development of modern Chinese poetry has been thus indispensable to the national liberation movement of Chinese people in modern society. The strong tendency of the affinity to the people of modern Chinese poetry expresses the bearing of the time and the awareness of the mission of modern Chinese poets, and endows modem Chinese poetry with new thinking framework and spiritual ethics.