Metabolomics Research On The Effect Of High Fructose On Reproduction And Progeny Of Juvenile Rats And The Intervention Of Icariin

BackgroundOver the past few decades,consumption of high fructose or high fructose corn syrup has increased significantly.Fructose consumption is associated with metabolic syndrome and associated comorbidities,which is a potential factor in the prevalence of obesity.However,despite the widespread increase in the incidence of fructose-containing foods and beverages and the increase in obesity,little attention has been paid to the long-term effects of fructose consumption on juvenile rats and offspring.In recent years,the incidence of male infertility is getting higher and higher.Large changes in human dietary structure,excessive intake of fructose,is whether cause of the decline in the quality of male sperm?Does the effect of fructose on spermatozoa be inherited to offspring?The current intervention on adverse effects of fructose intake include taurine,resveratrol,sardine protein supplement,but lack of effective intervention strategy data.Metabolomics is a subject of dynamic changes in the overall level of the organism or tissue cell system by analyzing the group of indicators to high-throughput detection and data processing.Simply,metabonomics can reflect whether the body is in a normal state or pathological state.This kind of holistic and systematic characteristics coincides with the "whole concept" of TCM theory.This study was to investigate the effects of high fructose diet on the reproductive and offspring of juvenile male SD rats and the intervention of icariin and use metabolomics techniques and methods to explore the effects of high fructose diet on juvenile male SD rats and the offspring.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of high fructose diet on the reproduction and progeny of juvenile male SD rats and the intervention mechanism of icariin.MethodsThe first part,weaning SD rats(FO generation),divided into control group,fructose feeding group,fed for 8 weeks.After feeding,male and female rats were given a 1:1 mate.At the end of mate,the male rats were sacrificed and detected of semen routine.The pregnancy rate,the number of offspring,the survival rate of the offspring,the male and female ratio of the offspring and the weight of the offspring was observed.F1 was observed to the adult,then mate.At the end of the mate,the male rats were sacrificed and detected of semen routine.The pregnancy rate,the number of offspring,the survival rate of the offspring,the male and female ratio of the offspring and the weight of the offspring was observed.F2 was observed to adult,and detected of semen routine.The second part,the experimental design was same with the first part of the first section,using serum and seminal plasma metabonomics to find different metabolites.The third part,weaning SD rats(FO generation),divided into control group,fructose feeding group,low dose icariin group,high dose icariin group,fed for 8 weeks.After feeding,male and female rats were given a 1:1 mate.At the end of mate,the male rats were sacrificed and detected of semen routine.The pregnancy rate,the litter size,the survival rate of the offspring,the male and female ratio of the offspring and the weight of the offspring was observed.The fourth part.the experimental design is same with the third part,using serum and seminal plasma metabonomics to find different metabolites.Results1)High fructose diet had some effects on the body weight,blood glucose and pregnancy rate of FO males and ponderal growth of F1 and F2,which passed to the next generation probably through affecting the quality of sperm.2)Serum metabolomics analysis showed that the serum metabolites pyruvate,citric acid,citrate,trimethylamine,glutathione,glycerol/glycerol,betaine and 3-hydroxybutyric acid were significantly increased in the fructose group.While lactic acid,histidine,glutamine/glutamic acid,high-density lipoproteins decreased.Seminal plasma metabolites found pulp essence estradiol,spermine,spermidine,2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid of fructose group increased.3)Icariin can improve sperm quality,increase the weight gain of offspring,and reverse the adverse effects of fructose feeding.4)After administration of icariin.serum metabolites aspartic acid,sphingosine,isotretinoin,histidine,glutamine/glutamic acid increased.methylacrylone,3-hydroxybutyl acid,pyruvate,citric acid,citrate content decreased.Seminal plasma metabolites estradiol,spermine,spermidine,2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid content decreased.ConclusionThe high fructose diet affects reproductive of juvenile male SD rats and offspring weight,possibly fructose feeding disrupts lipid metabolism,tricarboxylic acid cycling,androgen and estrogen metabolism,spermine and spermidine synthesis,resulting in sperm quality of decline,which is inherited by the offspring.Icariin can improve the adverse effects of high fructose diet on SD male by regulating lipid metabolism,tricarboxylic acid cycle,lowering the concentration of estradiol,spermine and spermidine.