Study On Chemical Components And Their Bioactivities In The Volatile Soils Of Michelia Martini

Michelia martinii Levl.is a rare, lush, evergreen and aromatic ornamental tree with beautiful appearance and flowers which belongs to Magnoliaceae Michelia and whose flowers can be extracted aromatic oils, not only both for the shade trees, street trees or landscape forest trees, but also for potted or cut flower. Michelia martinii also belongs to a ornamental plant resource of a wide variety of applications and great development potential. In order to further proven the chemical components and physiological activities of aromatic oils of Michelia martinii and provide the basis for health care function, pharmacological function and the depth development of functions of Michelia martini, a comparative study on extraction of volatile oils respectively from different organ tissues of Michelia Martini was carried out by steam distillation, supercritical CO2 extraction and static headspace extraction methods and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (combined with computer GC/MS/DS). The seasonal variation regularity of identified essence ingredients of fresh twigs, fresh leaves and fresh flowers tissue were discussed from Michelia Martini collected from Wang Gang village in Guiyang, Leyixi village in Mingxikou town, Yuanling County, Huaihua, and Baoling village in Shiti town, Yongshun County, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, and antioxidant in vitro, scavenging free radicals, antibacterial activity and effects of volatile oils of Michelia martini on antioxidant, hypolipidemic activity in vivo on SD rats were analyzed by activity test evaluations in vitro in this study. The main results are as follows:(1) composition and emission dynamics variation of volatile components of Michelia martini.Comparison of ingredients and contents of volatile oils of different organs and tissues of Michelia Martini:18 major compounds accounting for 82.46% of the total peak area were isolated and identified from volatile oils of fresh spring leaves of Michelia Martini,21 major compounds accounting for 73.3% isolated and identified from volatile oils of fresh spring twigs, and 19 major compounds accounting for 96.83% isolated and identified from volatile oils of fresh floweres of Michelia Martini. Essential oils respectively from spring leaves, spring twigs and flowers contain two kinds of alcohols including guaiol and eucalyptus oil-4 (14)-en-11-and, and one terpene gamma-elemene. And chemical components and contents of essential oils of these three sources have larger differences.Comparison of ingredients and contents of volatile oils of Michelia Martini in different seasons:By using steam distillation extraction, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS/DS) combined with computer technology essence components of Michelia martinii were identified. After analysis of the changes of their essential oil constituents from the four seasons of fresh leaves of Michelia martinii it was found that the composition of essential oils from spring, summer autumn and winter leaves of Michelia Martini has certain differences. After removal of the peak content of less than 0.5 of the peak,26 compounds were isolated from essential oil of spring leaves of Michelia martini and identified, accounting for 88.82% of the total peak area. In the same way 29 compounds were separated from essential oils of summer leaves and identified, accounting for 87.79%of the total peak area,31 compounds separated from essential oils of autumn leaves and identified, accounting for 88.96% of the total peak area,32 compounds isolated from winter leaves were identified, accounting for 89.46% of the total peak area. Fresh leaves of Michelia martinii from spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons have same 15 kinds of essential oils components, respectively, with alkenes, alcohols, ketones, esters and other compounds, mainly terpene compounds. By using steam distillation extraction, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS/DS) combined with computer technology analysis of the changes of essential oils constituents of Michelia martinii from the four seasons fresh twigs of Michelia martinii was made that the composition of essential oil from spring, summer, autumn and winter twigs of Michelia Martini has certain differences. After removal of the peak content of less than 0.5 of the peak,34 compounds were isolated from essential oils of spring twigs of Michelia martini and identified, accounting for 81.42% of the total peak area. In the same way 35 compounds were separated from essential oils of summer twigs and identified, accounting for 91.11% of the total peak area, 34 compounds separated from essential oil of autumn twigs and identified, accounting for 86.15% of the total peak area,35 compounds isolated from winter twigs and identified, accounting for 91.3% of the total peak area. There are 5 kinds of same essential oils components from fresh twigs of Michelia martinii from spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons, respectively, with alkenes, alcohols, alkyl, ketones, esters and other compounds, mainly terpene compounds and alcohols.(2) The remarkable effects of different extraction methods on ingredients and contents of volatile oils of fresh leaves of Michelia Martini. Essential oil components were extracted from fresh leaves of Michelia martinii in autumn collected in same place at the same time by steam distillation extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, static headspace extraction methods alonely, most extracted by static headspace extraction, followed by supercritical CO2 extraction, relatively probably at least extracted by steam distillation compositions. GC-MS analysis showed that there are no common constituents among the essential oils extracted by these three different extraction methods respectively,6 species of the same composition only exist between volatile components extracted by water vapor distillation and CO2 supercritical extraction. This may be related to conditions such as temperature, pressure, equipment and environmental factors and so on.(3) Paraffin sections test results of leaves tissues of Michelia martinii show that skin epidermal cells, collenchyma cells, and parenchyma cells in upper epidermis are small and closely spaced, and epidermal cells, collenchyma cells, parenchyma cells in the lower epidermis are bigger and neatly arranged in it's leaf tissue structure. Secretory cells are distributed in the cells of the barrier tissues, and there are also a few of them in the cells between the barrier and spongy tissues.(4) Research results in vitro activity taken by ues of themethanol prepared 20% essential oils methanol solution of fresh leaves of Michelia martini as raw materials showed these oils had certain antioxidant activities, stronger scavenging activity to hydroxyl radical than superoxide anion free radicals, poorer removal ability to DPPH free radical, IC50 were 2.95,4.16 and 7.80 mg/ml. Antioxidant activity study show that essential oil of Michelia martinii has strong antioxidant reduction capacity increasing with increase of oils concentration. Study on the inhibition of biological activity taken by ues of the 2%Twain-80 prepared 400 L/mL essential oils of fresh leaves of Michelia Martini reveals that essential oil of Michelia martinii has exact antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis bacillus coli, fecal coliforms, Candida albicans, Salmonella gallinarum and Botrytis cinerea and so on. The volatile oil of Michelia Martini has significant antibacterial effect and has better application prospect.(5) Simultaneously, study in vivo activity respectively with 0.15mL�Kg-1�d-1? 0.3mL�Kg-1�d-1?0.6mL�Kg-1�d-1 essential oil of fresh leaves of Michelia martinii as raw materials announced that essential oils from the fresh leaves of Michelia Martini can significantly improve energy of MDA of antioxidant enzymes in liver of the high-fat hyperlipidemia rats, achieving same effect to drug control group or even exceeding, four index of CAT, SOD, MDA and GSH-Px significantly improved better than model group, can significantly improve the antioxidant activity of rats, shown better antioxidant effect, and have a certain preventive effect on liver cell degeneration. Volatile oil of Michelia martinii can significantly reduce liver fat content, reduce fatty degeneration of liver cells in hyperlipidemia rats, and recover hepatocytes morphologically normal with significant curative effect for fatty liver. The high dose manifests best effect among the three tested doses of volatile oil of Michelia martini and these essential oils has a dose-response relationship on curative effect to fatty liver.