Research On The Optimization Method Of Air Traffic Operation For Environmental Protection

With the rapid development of civil aviation industry,environmental problems brought about by air traffic such as air pollution,noise pollution and greenhouse effect are increasingly becoming more serious,and environment protection is a hot issue in air traffic operation,management and development.Generating safe,environment-friendly and viable air traffic operation strategy is a key means to guarantee the healthy and sustainable development of air transportation.On the basis of the research both at home and abroad,the dissertation makes a research on environment protection-oriented optimization method of air traffic operation.Firstly,the dissertation qualitatively analyses the impact of air traffic on environment and corresponding mitigation measures;secondly,an assessment method for allowable air traffic flow in the airport environment is established;thirdly,targeting at reducing environment impact,air traffic operation optimization model specific to different airspace unit is set up;lastly,the dissertation makes an empirical study on the model.The main content and achievements of the dissertation are as follows:1.To study the relevance between air traffic operation and environment impact.By analyzing atmosphere and aircraft operation characteristics,the dissertation dissects the impact of air traffic in the airspace unit such as airport area,terminal area and en route on the environment,including engine emissions,greenhouse effect and noise pollution,and probes the main measures to mitigate environment impact so as to lay a solid theory basis for subsequent study.2.To put forward an assessment method for allowable air traffic flow in the airport environment.On the basis of perfecting the airport contaminant concentration assessment method,the dissertation analyses the impact mechanism of meteorological condition,aircraft characteristics and air traffic flow characteristics on airport contaminant concentration.Based on the concept on environment capacity and airspace capacity,and taking environment air quality standards as criteria,the dissertation defines the allowable air traffic flow in the airport environment,assesses the hourly and daily allowable traffic flow at typical airports on the premise of complying with the environment air quality standards,and studies the development bottleneck time of the current operation mode with different growth rate of air traffic flows.3.To establish an airport surface operation optimization method with environment impact taken into account.Starting form green taxiing,the dissertation analyses the time distribution to use each aircraft power unit under different taxiing powers,constructs different taxiing scenarios under full-engine,single-engine and electronic taxiing,and sets up surface operation optimization model with environment impact under multi-scenarios by taking into consideration airport surface network structure and time/space distribution traits of air traffic flow.Example verification reveals that electronic taxiing greatly reduces fuel consumption and engine emissions.The proposed method can largely improve the operation efficiency of airport surface.4.To establish an operation optimization method in the terminal area with environment impact taken into account.On account of the operation bottlenecks in the terminal area,the dissertation proposes a concept to expand the terminal area,replaces arrival fix holding in the terminal area with rerouting at the descending phase en route to reduce fuel consumption,sets up multi-objective terminal area resource allocation optimization model to achieve arrival fix allocation optimization(AFA),and reduces noise in the terminal area by combining continuous decent approach(CDA)and resource distribution optimization model.Example verification reveals that AFA strategy greatly mitigate the operation bottleneck at arrival fixes,and the implementation of CDA can further improve operation efficiency of the terminal area and reduce the impact on environment.5.To establish an operation optimization method en route.Taking into account operation characteristics of the sectors en route,as well as meteorological conditions,aircraft type and control modes,the dissertation sets up flight deployment optimization model with greenhouse effect,fuel consumption and flight delay as the targets,and analyzes the impact of deployment strategy such as altitude change,speed variation and heading change on sector operation en route.Example verification reveals that taking contrail and fuel consumption as the optimization targets,aircraft are more likely to rely on altitude deployment strategy so as to better reduce the impact of air traffic operation en route on environment,and improve sector operation efficiency en route.