| As an important node of urban transport infrastructure,comprehensive Passenger Transportation Hub(CPTH),with its mustering,evacuation and guiding role,can affect the internal and external environment.Guiding Signs(GSs)play a vital role in guiding and assisting evacuation in CPTH.Properly designed GSs can guide passengers select the shortest way to destination in the hub continuously and conveniently.At the same time,the setting of the hub facilities affected directly by efficient GSs,and even the operation level of the hub is improved.In engineering practice,GSs are usually set at crucial nodes according to applicable standards and norms.The influence of pedestrian behavior factors is neglected here,which leads to the lack of hierarchical information and confusing information that make passengers lost.Therefore,in order to increase the service level,the hierarchical GSs setting theory is studied deeply based on the behavior mechanism of passenger visual perception.The main frame of this thesis includes the following interrelated components:(1)Basic theoretical methods and engineering practice on the GSs setting of the CPTH are summarized.The route selection and visual behavior of passengers are studied under the influence of the GSs,and the mechanism of visual behavior to GSs’location and functions is revealed.And then the information classification and allocation basis of GSs in CPTH are put forward by summarizing the principles and methods.Meanwhile,the hierarchical mechanism of passenger moving behavior and visual behavior on the GSs are studied.It is shown that the perception and cognitive behavior directly affects the setting of GSs,and the passenger visual behavior is an important factor influencing the quantity,level and location of GSs setting.(2)The importance index of hub facilities based on perceptual and cognitive behavior is proposed,and the calculation method of Visual Index(VI)is improved.Through the hub passenger surveys,perception and cognitive behavioral data are obtained,and then the Bayesian rule is used to compute the important index of the behavior based on passengers’ perception and cognition.At the same time,the visual index is improved by taking the path and node’s sight lines into account.The improved calculating method enhances the explanatory factors of the visual index and overcomes the limitation of accuracy.The physical meaning is clearer.(3)A method and model of hierarchical GSs setting based on the shortest path are proposed.According to the workflow of the hub and the visual behavior of the passengers,the information of the GS is classified according to the service distance.And then considering the constraints of the continuous guidance,the number of directions,the path and the service distance,a hierarchical GSs setting model with optimal number of information is conducted.The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed model and method can achieve quantitative hierarchical GSs setting,and meet the basic setting requirements in CPTH.(4)The model based on passengers’ perception of moving behavior is conducted for hierarchical GSs setting.Because of the random distribution of the passengers in the CPTH,a hierarchical GSs model is proposed to construct with the maximum spatial visual index and minimum service distance based on the importance of facilities as the target.Then NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is designed to solve the model.Compared with the hierarchical GSs setting model based on the shortest path,the results show that the proposed method can improve the visual index of the system by about 20%,which obviously improves the service quality of the CPTH,and the routes are more reasonable,the visual effect is better.In addition,the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the multi-objective nonlinear programming problem,and quickly converge to obtain the Pareto-optimal Solution.(5)The application of the case study of GSs setting to Beijing South Railway Station is based on the proposed theory and method.By analysis 3106 GS setting paths,the scheme based on the passengers’ perception of moving behavior is evenly distributed and the visual index can be improved about 18.9%.The travel path is increased by 20%,and the proposed methodology can be utilized to solve the GSs setting problem of large-scale network. |
