Study On The Multi-functional And Structurally-colored Fabrics Based On Surface Deposition Technology

In the dyeing and finishing process,textile requires a lot of fresh water,chemical dyes and additives,which not only pollute the environment,but also hinder human health.Using physical optics,structure color is a chemical-free,pollution-free biomimetic coloring approach.Therefore,the use of structural color to make fabric surface coloring is of great significance for the development of new textile products and environmental protection.Starting from the structure coloring mechanism and analyzing the principle of film interference,it was concluded that the construction of nanometer metal/transparent semiconductor composite film on the surface of fabrics can obtain the effect of the single layer film and exhibit the structural color on the surface of fabrics.The nanometer Ag/TiO₂composite film as an example,the surface of fabrics was coated with nanometer Ag/TiO₂composite film,not only the structural color was achieved,but also the color change of fabrics was only related to the geometric thickness of TiO₂ film,and a linear relationship between them.The change of fabrics color can be adjusted and controlled by changing the geometric thickness of TiO₂ film.Based on the analysis of structural chromaticity theory,the process of depositing nanometer metal/semiconductor composite film on the surface of fabric by magnetron sputtering technique was discussed.The specific preparation technique of nanometer Ag/ZnO composite film on the surface of polyester woven fabric was investigated.Ag film was easy to be oxidized in high vacuum oxygen environment when zinc target was reactively sputtered on the surface of the fabric substrate coated with Ag film.The method that deposited Zn film on the surface of the fabric coated with Ag film before RF reactive sputtering to protect Ag film on the surface of fabric substrate from oxidation,which not only prepared successfully Ag/ZnO composite film,but also could be used to prepare the nanometer metal/metal oxide composite films.The fabrics coated with Ag/ZnO composite film not only obtained structural color,and the color varied linearly with the thickness of ZnO film,but also had good anti-ultraviolet properties,photocatalytic properties and antistatic properties.Metal Ag material and semiconductor TiO₂ material were selected,and using the easily oxidized characteristic of Ti film,DC magnetron sputtering and DC/RF reactive sputtering were used to prepare nanometer Ag/TiO₂ composite film on the surface of the polyester fabrics.Ag/TiO₂ composite films and fabrics were combined strongly,and composite films were firm,and not easy to fall off.The fabrics coated with Ag/TiO₂ composite film not only produces the structural color on the surface,but also have good antistatic properties,anti-ultraviolet properties,antibacterial properties and photocatalytic properties.Metal Al material and semiconductor TiO₂ material were selected,and the nanometer Al/TiO₂ composite films were prepared on the surface of the fabrics by magnetron sputtering technique.Without affecting the performance of the textile substrate,the fabric substrates were heated in the reactive sputtering of TiO₂ film at room temperature,100 degrees and 200degrees,respectively.By analyzing the XRD spectrum of the samples,it can be seen that both Al and TiO₂ in the nanocomposite films do not form crystalline structure,which was non-crystalline structure.The fabrics coated with Al/TiO₂ composite film not only produces the structural color on the surface,and the color varies linearly with the thickness of TiO₂ film,but also have good anti-ultraviolet properties,photocatalytic properties and antistatic properties.Adopting same end in and out magnetron sputtering production line equipment for industrial production,and using DC magnetron sputtering method and DC/RF reactive sputtering method respectively,the nanometer Ag/TiO₂ composite films were deposition on the surface of polyester fabrics.The surface of fabrics coated with Ag/TiO₂ composite films also generated structural colors,and their color fastness,mechanical properties,comfort properties were not significantly changed and had good functions compared with the original fabrics.Therefore,the multi-functional and structurally-colored fabrics can be prepared by magnetron sputtering technology,and can achieve industrial production,and also can be used for apparel,home textile,and so on,and have a good application prospects.