Research On Ecological Thought Of Marx’s Capital

As one of the most influential theories of human beings, Marxism is supposed to make a theoretical response to the inherent deep logical connection between the economic social development and the ecological environment improvement. Therefore, it has important academic value and practical significance to conscientiously carry out the research of ecological thought in Marx’s Das Capital, including deep inherent connection between human and nature, the ecological meaning of the material transformation category, the ecological risk of profit hunting and proliferation nature, the sustainable development thought and its practice path, frugality theory and its realization path, the duality of science and technology and its ecological standard.The deep inherent connection of human and nature in Das Capital manifests as the revelation between objective law of nature and human’s subjective initiative; the revelation of impact of nature on human, such as natural law governs human production process, natural conditions affect human survival and production, the forces of nature affect human labor productivity, natural elements is the basic quality of human survival and production; the revelation of interactional dialectic relationship between human and nature."Metabolism" is an important category of Marx’s ecological thought in Das Capital. Its translation has some differences in academia, such as material transformation, metabolism and material metabolism. Marx’s material transformation derived from Moleschott and Liebig, the concept includes material transformation among self-cycling of nature, human and nature, human and human; material metabolism among society, nature, human and nature; economy cycle, ecology cycle has hierarchical division with metabolism. In academia, the elementary exploration to material transformation and its fracture of ecological connotation, was pushed to ecological criticism of capitalism, and used "material transformation of human and nature" to interpret "human life eternal necessity conditions and two-way interactive between human and nature" as its wisdom focus, and then opened up a new way to deeply understand Marx’s Das Capital.Das Capital has profit haunting character and proliferation nature. The creation of profit is based on the exploitation of man’s labor, and also on the plunder of nature. The creation of profit is not equal to the realization of profit. Deriving from consumption, the realization of profit is the unity of production and consumption. Consumption, on the one hand, makes people become a materialism consumer. On the other hand, consumption makes people constantly explore natural resources and unceasingly drain pollution to nature, which puts too much pressure to nature. Driven by the dual nature of capital, capitalist mode of production is bound to bring ecological disaster. Generally speaking, capital logic has a profit seeking inherence, which leads to an ecological destruction. Once the ecological field is profitable, capital will become a powerful driving force for ecological construction, ecological industry will be the inevitable outcome of capital innovation logic. Therefore, for capital, people must utilize it, and restrict it at the same time.The sustainable development thought of Marx’s Das Capital mainly displayed in deep disclosure and ecological criticism of the non-sustainable development of capitalism, such as poor living conditions and deteriorative ecological environment system of laborers of capitalism society, water pollution, forest destruction and others nature resources problems of capitalism society, and metabolic rift theory caused by the city-country contradiction of capitalism and the industrialized operation in capitalism agriculture. It revealed in the good ideas and practices of new type sustainable development society, including harmony between man and nature, reasonable planning, harmonious development. It revealed in the excellent exploration of sustainable development path, including recycling reuse, intensive development and connotative development. Sustainable development thought of Das Capital has a significant enlightenment value for China’s green development concept and ecological civilization construction.The theory of frugality in Marx’s Das Capital mainly expressed the productive frugality and consuming frugality issues in production field and consumption field, especially emphasizing variable constant capital frugality in production field. It conducted a thought-provoking and deep reflection for capitalistic production by means of plundering workers living conditions. It actively explored the diversity implementation way of frugality to achieve human’s liberation, and emphasized the importance of reducing material consumption and boosting profits, raising labor productivity, promoting the development of industry, decreasing working hours. The theory of frugality in Marx’s Capital has a significant theoretical guidance meaning and practice enlightenment value for contemporary China to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.In Das Capital, Marx conducted an outstanding exploration on science and technology and its duality of application. Marx points out the positive effects of science and technology and its social application, which enhancing social productive force, achieving the best use of everything, promoting social development. Meanwhile, Marx believes that the negative effect of science and technology actually originates from people’s abnormal value target in technology inappropriate application, including damaging laborers’ limbs, deepening laborers tragedy, and damaging ecological environment in deep connection of human and nature. Marx pointed out the contradictions and confrontation does not generate from the machine itself, but from the capitalism application of machine. Therefore, people should deeply study the negative effect of science and technology, consciously strengthen the ecological norms and guidance of science and technology, and make science and technology play the effectiveness of green productivity.In conclusion, the ecological ideology in Marx’s Das Kapital is both rich and specific in content, profound and incisive in theme, and is with great contemporary significance.