| Agricultural Science and Technology is the core driving force of modernagricultural development, agricultural science and technology can be transformed intoreal productivity, the key is to apply advanced technology to farmers. Compared withdeveloped countries, agriculture, agricultural technology transformation rate is low,some of the advanced and applicable agricultural technology has not been effectivepromotion, the situation of the agricultural extension mechanism innovation of ourcountry made more urgent requirements. The key innovation is that the agriculturalextension system with the variation of its application environment to adapt.Agricultural extension environment, the most significant change is that the newagricultural business entities formed by small-scale farmers to differentiatehouseholds and industry, professional breeding large, family farms, farmers’cooperative organizations, agribusiness and other technical content, transactions, themain supply, service structural, size differences and other aspects of the scale ofdemand. In response to this situation, agricultural extension mechanism innovationbreakthrough technology that accurately capture the heterogeneity of farmers demandcharacteristics, on the basis of various types of agricultural innovation through thepromotion of mechanisms to provide applicability to business entities, in line with ahigh degree of agricultural services.For these purposes, on the basis of the development process of agriculturaltechnology extension system analysis, the quantitative measure the efficiency ofagricultural extension in coastal areas, in-depth analysis of the current situation andproblems of running agricultural extension mechanism stage, revealingdemand-oriented agricultural extension mechanism the need to build and define itsconnotation, simulation of the behavior of demand-oriented economic mechanismfarmer agricultural extension system, development system and extension systems, andthe technical content of the system to farmers and operators of the transmission pathfor the object mechanism patterns were compared by summing foreign experience,given the security conditions demand-oriented agricultural extension mechanism to run the main draw the following conclusions:(1) According to analyzing the current situation and problems of China’sagricultural extension system, the paper argues that since the founding of New China,China’s agricultural technology extension system has experienced growth anddevelopment, volatility low tide, wandering recovery and stable development,innovation and development, such as evolution. System performance is characterizedby the promotion of a dominant position in the government system in the promotionof agricultural technology, agricultural technology extension system created byspontaneity and chance, dynamic adjustment of agricultural technology extensionsystem development, the development of agricultural technology extension systemimbalance; country farmers technical challenges facing the promotion systemperformance is not perfect in the way of agricultural extension, agricultural extensionagencies working efficiency is not high, the limited capacity of agricultural extensionservice personnel, lack of effective demand and other aspects of modern agriculturaltechnologies.(2) Demand-led agricultural extension mechanism is in the background in orderto meet the farmers differentiate a new mechanism for heterogeneous technologyneeds of different categories of farmers, whose goal is to technical knowledge(including technical and non-physical techniques and physical) from R&Ddepartment successfully delivered to farmers, guiding farmers how to make effectivedecisions and inspire science accurately grasp its production goals and socialresponsibility. Build demand-oriented agricultural extension mechanism shouldfollow a bottom-up, farmer-centered, value-oriented principle of multi-sectoral andmulti-cross. R&D systems, marketing systems, and farmers are the three elements ofthe system demand-oriented agricultural extension system consisting of mechanisms,demand-driven agricultural extension mechanism to run a multi-processcommunication, research and extension systems systems systems work aroundfarmers, the focus is to meet the technical needs of heterogeneous class farmers.Demand-oriented operation mechanism including agricultural extension programpreparation, problem analysis and confirm the target areas, promote theimplementation of the four aspects of the diffusion of technological achievements andinformation feedback.(3) System Dynamics findings demand-led agricultural extension mechanismshows that: run welfare effects of demand-oriented agricultural extension mechanism is more ideal, a new mechanism to implement effectively the number of drivetechnology, the number of farmers informed of the technical evaluation number oftechnical amendments to the number of indicators and agricultural growth, thetechnology needs of farmers can be effectively met, a higher degree of stability of theentire promotion mechanism.(4) The use of the technology needs of farmers in coastal areas and the typicalapplication of the survey data, using logistic regression models for empirical analysis,the system features induction technology needs of small-scale farmers, professionallarge, family farms and co-operative farming households of different subjects, with afocus Analysis of its agricultural extension program selection decisions behavior andits influencing factors. On this basis, the same technique to explore the heterogeneityof farmers demand characteristics matched with its risk appetite, ability to pay, andother decision factors application ability to adapt to the needs of agriculturalextension-oriented business model, including its main supply, trading and select thepath selection and other content.(5) Select mechanized, large-scale, information technology, intensive, high levelof organization of the Netherlands, Israel, Australia, Japan and other developedcountries, modern agriculture, as well as with the level of development similar toIndia, to analyze the mechanisms of agricultural extension system configuration,operational aspects, features and other aspects of the institutional environment, andtypical practice patterns, summarized its agricultural extension macro-controlmechanism, the implementation of information transmission path, and rules ofconduct, distribution of benefits, and other specific aspects of risk aversion. Analysisfocused around the needs of farmers agricultural characteristics, in particular thedemand for differentiated heterogeneous agricultural farmers are expandedagricultural extension mechanism innovation, process innovation and explore itsorganizational structure, promotion model of agricultural extension system, theservice principal adjustments and other transactions carried out, and the need forexternal factors institutional environment, infrastructure, etc..According to analyzingin the typical pattern, a summary of the needs of farmers around the stagecharacteristics of agricultural extension mechanism innovation of enlightenment andinnovative experiences for reference.(6) learning experience to promote institutional innovation to farmers on the basisof foreign demand for agricultural characteristics carried out on the core, from the institutional environment and implementation of agricultural extension mechanismsconditions demand, the promotion of the interests of different types of structuremodels actors, farmers demand information Feedback and Analysis conduction pathangles efficient operation of security conditions demand-oriented agriculturalextension mechanism, farmers demand information from the feedback channel flow,optimizing agricultural extension environment, a clear division of roles ofstakeholders, to provide differentiated agricultural extension mode, has formed adiversified agricultural extension organizations, foster the application of agriculturaltechnology to explore the use of the body, such as demand-oriented agriculturalextension mechanism of protection measures. Finally, the main cultivation of appliedagricultural use, provide differentiated promotion model, optimize demand-orientedmethod of agricultural extension mechanism stakeholders a clear division of roles andimplementation path. |
PDF Full Text Request