A Study Of The Relation Between Innovation Policy And Innovation Resource Allocation Of Stakeholders

In the process of modern technology innovation, technology innovation becomes a mutual activity made by all kinds of stakeholders. And the technology innovation performance is determined by how stakeholders among the innovation network cooperate, compete and gamble. Innovation policy, as a specific category of public policy, is a policy arrangement and rule design, and it plays the role of guiding and encouraging enterprises’ technology innovation activities. Therefore, innovation policy takes the important role in the innovation system.Overall, researches on innovation policy mechanism have two limitations. On the one hand, Current researches cannot explain how innovation policy effects practice completely and consistently; On the other hand, they cannot solve the problem proposed by Edquist that is ’who, what and how innovation policy funds?’. Literature review found these problems are caused mostly by the limitation of research perspectives, variable introduction, and concept definition in the study of the relation between innovation policy and innovation resource allocation(IRA), which cannot match the needs of modern technology innovation process model. Therefore, initiating from practice problem of innovation policy, this research introduced stakeholder approach into innovation policy research, to study the relation between innovation policy and IRA of stakeholder. Then this paper, based on findings of relation study, proposed a new design arrangement and design practice under stakeholder perspective. Hence, this research is important for completing theoretical knowledge of innovation policy,solving innovation policy bottleneck problem and improving the effectiveness of innovation practice.Considering on requirements of cross-fields on initiative and completeness, this research took suggestions of Donaldson to design research from the aspects of normative, descriptive and instrumental. First, this research reviewed literatures about stakeholders based on Donaldson’s three categories, which is an initiative literature review; Second, integrated related theories on innovation policy attribute, characteristics,social function and ’matching’ model about effective policy design, this paper through two views,’validity’and ’rationality’, to explained the research question,’why is it necessary to introduce stakeholder perspective into innovation policy research?’; Third, this paper proposed two descriptive questions:’how can we identify the subjects of stakeholders of innovation policy?’And’how can we identify heterogeneity of stakeholders?’.According to this two research questions, this paper deduced and compared related stakeholders’conceptual model systematically and finally put forward model of nine subjects of stakeholders and heterogeneity model of stakeholders on’interest-power’ in the study of innovation policy; Fourth, this paper explored the relation of innovation policy and ISA of stakeholder basing on the view of stakeholder’’interest-power’, the results of the relation study show:on the one hand, the heterogeneity of innovation policy affects difference subjects and content of stakeholders;On the other hand, innovation policy has effects on stakeholders’ interests, power and the balance between interests and power, finally affects IRA of stakeholders;Finally, based on the final conclusions, this paper suggested the’Matching’theme and approach to design innovation policy under stakeholder perspective, and developed a series of measurement tools based on the ’Matching’ design theme.Then this paper measured and evaluated2889innovation policy sample from Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Jiangsu, and put forward redesign suggestions finally.Overall, this paper initiated from research limitations and practical problems of the mechanism of innovation policy, introduced stakeholder approach into innovation policy field, study the relation between Innovation policy and IRS of stakeholders. This research has both theory and practice meanings. Therefore, the possible innovation points of this paper as follow:First, introducing stakeholder approach into innovation policy research initially bridges the cross-field research; Second, reviewing literatures on stakeholders based on Donaldson’s three type framework is meaningful for stakeholder literature reviews;Third, argument on normative research and descriptive research integrates multi-disciplines theory results; Forth, study on the relation between innovation policy and IRA of stakeholders shows the innovation of research perspective; Fifth, proposing ’match’ theme design with stakeholder approach show the innovate design theme of innovation policy;Finally, developing and applying measurement tools of innovation policy with stakeholder approach. Therefore, this paper is initiative research and this research made innovation on theories, but also guided practice usefully.Finally, this paper discussed research limitations and future research.